1.  House-Building Laws in Ancient Babylon

A builder builds a house.  The house ____________ _____________ and kills the _______________.  What do you think should ________ to the house builder?  What is the _______ _________________?  If you ___________ _______________ in _________  Babylonia - where Iraq is now - there would have been no __________ .  The builder would have to die, too.  It was the _________________________.

Who was Hammurabi?  He was a _______________________ king who __________ from 1792 to 1750 B.C.  What is the ___________?  It's an _______________ carved on an 8-foot-high block of black ___________.  French ___________________ dug up the  _____________ in what is now Iraq in 1901.

You may think of ancient peoples as _________________.  But many of their ___________ were ____________, even for our time.  Usually, the laws _____________ _________ equal __________________.  In  that way, they are much like the _____________ law of "an ___________ for an __________."   Hammurabi ________ the _______________ to be king from his gods. But his laws were not ______________ to his _____________. Besides building houses, they cover all _________ of ________ life.

Of 282 ______, five save a ___________________ from a bad builder. Law number 232 _________ what happens if a house ________ _______ and ____________ the things inside. The house builder has to ______ the owner out of his own money. Law number 233 ________ about a house that is not yet __________________. If the walls look like they're going to fall down, the builder has to _____________ them using his __________ money. These two laws __________ ____________. In our country, the ________________ would be about _________ ______________ _________ the one in the ___________ law.

______________ saw himself as the _____________ of the ____________. He cared ______________ his people. He said so in a ____________: "Let any ___________ man who has a ______________ come into the _______________ of my __________ as king of ______________,

...and may his _______________ be set _______ ______________!"

2. Agate fossil beds national monument

Have you ever _______________ a _________________ digging up ___________?  At the _________ ________ _______ National Monument in ___________________ Nebraska you might ___________ _______ ______________.  This 3,000-acre park has one of the largest known _______________ of ___________ _____________.  _____________ are animals that are ____________________.  That is, they _____________ their own body ________________.  They have __________ or _________.  Mothers _________ their young with milk.

The ____________ ___________ are ___________ in the _________ -__________ hills above the Niobrara River.  __________ is a kind of ___________ with colored ________  or a cloudy ________________.  The ___________ are from about ______ million years ago.   Hundreds of them are well ______________ because of a ___________ there at that time.  The dry weather caused whole ___________ to die near the last water holes.  They left a _________ ___________ for __________________ of scientists, beginning in the early 1900s.

_______________ was a two-horned ___________________.  It was the most ___________ fossil found.  The animal was ________ __________ three feet high.  It __________ in huge __________ across the _______________.  Some scientists  think the _______ of ___________ were as _______________ as the ____________ of buffalo that would _________ the same ____________ millions of years later.

_____________ may have been the strangest-looking _____________.  It stood seven feet tall at the _______________.  It had a head like a horse's, and a neck like a ______________.  Its _______________ were like those of a ________________.  Its back legs looked like a bear's.  It had huge ________, probably for __________ for food.

_______________ was the most _______________ __________ at the site.  This "_____________ ________" was ___________ __________ ___________ and about ten feet long. Its ______________ head had huge ___________.  Its legs were ________ and __________.

Scientists today _____________ that 75 percent of the _________ in the hills have yet to be ____________. More ___________ is planned, and visitors will be _____________ to watch what new ____________ may be ________________.

3. Loreta Velazquez: Confederate soldier

Women in our country today often travel _____ ______________.  But in the 1860s, women could not travel _____________ a ___________ or a male _______________.  Loreta Velazquez ____________ this by _____________________ as a man!

Loreta was born in 1842 into the __________ __________ __________ of Cuba.  Her family was part of the ____________ called the _____________.  However, Loreta was ________ by the __________ life.  When she was 14, she showed her ___________ _________ ________________ by ____________ with an American __________ ____________.  Loreta went with her new husband to the United States.

When the American __________________ began, she ____________ her husband to _________ _______ the southern _______________.  After he left to join the army, she traveled to New Orleans.  She found a __________ whom she could __________ _____ make her a ___________.  Along with her ______________, she changed her name  - to Lieutenant Harry Buford.

As ______________ ________, she gathered _____________ for the army and _________ forces with her husband.  Never could he have ______________ such a thing!  He was __________ but ___________ ____  her.  Still, he __________ her to go home.  But Loreta loved the war and would not leave.  Her husband ________ _____________ a short time later.  Then she was free to do ___________ _______ she ______________.

In 1861, Loreta was __________________ put in ___________ of some  soldiers at the First Battle of Bull Run.  Her __________________, The Woman in battle, _________________ the field before the _________.  It was full of "_______________ beauty and ___________ ... The ___________ moment of my life had ______________"

By 1863, Loreta's _______________ was over.  When she was ____________, a camp doctor ______________ her secret.  "I never saw a more _____________ man in my life...,"  she wrote.  Loreta spent a short time in _________ before ___________ to life as a woman.  For her, that _____________ traveling and ___________ _________ the ___________________!

After the war, she spoke about her ________________ to ____________ ______________.  Her spy stories were ____________ only wild ___________.  Still, her __________ and her traveling ____________ _______ to one __________________ life!

4.  The Hargrave kite

You've _____________ never __________ of Lawrence Hargrave.  Everyone who knew him ____________ that he was a _________ man.  He ___________ his ___________ ___________ with others.  _____ _____ __________, he didn't get ________ for most of his work.  Today he ______ ______________ only as the ____________ of _____________ of kites.  It is called the box kite or the _______________ kite.

Hargrave was one of an __________________ group of _____________ in the _________ 1800s.  People in _______ _____________ _______ countries were __________ _________ one another to ________ a flying ____________.  The people of Sydney, Australia thought he was just a ___________ man __________ his __________ along the beach.  ___________ they didn't know was that he knew the ocean _____________ were ____________ for his ________________.

Hargrave tried many ______________ __________ before _____________ _____ the box kite.  His first kite _____________ birds' wings.  A later kite used open ____________.  The _________ _____________ used two large open _______________.  In the end he had over 200 __________.  He wanted to give them to a ____________.  Most ______________ __________ __________ his models.  Finally, in 1910, the German _______________ Museum in  Munich _________ them.

In the years _____________ Hargrave's work, others have used ________________ to _____________ the kite.  A ______________ ____________ showed that a _____________-shape or _____________ would work better than a _____________.  It _______________ more ___________ _________ of _________ to __________ the wind.  A ___________ - a ____________ between two ______________ - shows ________ ________ it to fly a kite.  The _________ ________ the __________ of one sail of the kite to the ________, the width of the whole kite.  You have to divide the ________ _________ the width of the ____________ kite to get a _____________.    The _____________ is number that tells ________ ____________ the kite will fly.

Hargrave would _________ _________ _____________ that others ______________ his final design.  The Wright Brothers __________ Hargrave's kite design in helping them __________ their airplanes.  From these paper kites to modern day space __________ and ____________ we have today, Hargrave's _________________ helped __________ on the _________ of _________ ____________.

5.  Evelyn Cisneros: Prima Ballerina

When Evelyn Cisneros ___________ school in _____________ California in the ____________ 1960's, she was the only Mexican American in the ___________ ____________ building.  She was ___________ and became very ________.  To help solve the problem, her mother __________ she take __________ classes.  It ________ ______ to be just __________ she _____________.

From the start, Evelyn was a ___________ __________.  Her teacher ______________ her ______________ ________ and _________.  She was soon taking classes every night.  When Evelyn got older, she began to teach ______________ students.  That helped her _______ _________ her own classes.  By the time she was 14, she _____________ that she was not going to have the ___________ American high school _______________.  She _________ _______ the _______ after-school fun and _______________ with ballet.

When school _____________ at 2:30 P.M.,  Evelyn would __________ to the _________  studio. She took classes there until dinner.  Then she would _____________ at the _________ _____________ _____________ in Los Angles.  At 16, Evelyn was given a full ___________________ to the San Francisco Ballet School.  That ___________ she _______ ___________ had to pay to take classes.  In less than a year, she was __________ to join the  ________ company.  She had ___________ her dream of being a ________________ _____ the ________ of 18.

The Ballet's ____________ ____________r was also a ___________________.  He ____________ a dance just for Evelyn.  In 1981, people ____ _____________ the country saw her ______ TV.  The _____________ year she danced at the White House.

During her ___________, Evelyn has _______________ every ______________ ballet __________ the San Francisco Ballet _____________ - from __________ to ____________.  _____________ she is famous, she still _________________ those early school days __________ ________ _______________ because she looked ______________.  Today, _____________ children _________ not ______ __________ in school.  She often speaks to groups about the _____________ of hard work and ________________.  She ________________ students to _____________ their own dreams.

6. The Rocket's Red Glare

"And the rockets' red ____________, the bombs  ____________ in air:

gave proof  ________‘ the night, that our flag was still there!"

An American lawyer named Francis Scott Key wrote these words after _______________ the ______________ bombing of Ft. McHenry during the War of 1812. At ________, seeing the American flag still flying over the ______________ in the Baltimore, Maryland, _____________ excited his _______________.  The poem set to music became our national _____________ over 100 years later.

In 1812, rockets were new war ___________.  William Congreve, a British ____________ scientist, invented the ___________ bomb that was used in that _________.

In 1802, Congreve began to ______________ with ___________.  he had heard that the army of India was using rockets in the _________________ against British _________.  The ____________ of the Indian rockets was about 5 ______________(11pounds).  The rockets were _____________ to 2-____________(6 feet) wooden ___________.  When ________, they ____________ between 1.6 and 2.4 kilometers(1 and 1.5 miles).  Until then, the British had used only _______________ __________ for _______________.  Congreve wanted to _________ rockets that would _______ __________ than the ones in India.

He bought the largest ___________ made in London.  He found their ___________ to be between _______ and ________ meters(1,465 and 1,790 feet).  That was less than ________ the _________ of the Indian ____________.  He ___________ them on ____________ firing fields and ____________ with _______________ until he ______________ better ones.

At last, Congreve _________________.  His rockets had _____________ of ____________ to ___________ meters(5,850 to 8,775 feet).  Later he put _________________ on the _____________, ________________ their _____________ to about 14 kilograms (30pounds).  The Congreve rockets ____________ _____________ on _____________ in France and Denmark in 1806 and 1807.  They ____________ in America _____________ the ________ of 1812.  Even though  the British had the better Congreve _____________, the United States ___________ the war.

8. A grand Discovery

The Grand ____________ is an ____________ _______________ _______________.  Over millions of years, the Colorado River ______________ this  ______________ _____________ into a  __________ in _________________ Arizona.  Visitors __________ to the canyon to __________ at its _____________ sides with their ______________ rock ______________ , beautiful colors, and ____________________ caves.

If you go to the Grand Canyon, you may be ________________ enough to see _________________ black _____________ _________________ through and ______________ the canyon.  That's because it has been ______________ ___________ a ________________ for baby condors.  Using the Grand Canyon as a baby ____________ for condors makes a lot of _____________.

The California condor is a _________ , ________________  bird.  It is a _______________.  It _____________ _____ the _____________ meat of dead animals and ___________. This may sound __________________ to you but the condor fills an important ________ in the _________________.

Western North America had been home to many thousands of these ____________ . But by 1982, there were only 22 California condors ____________ in the world.  Human had ___________ condors their ____________.  People ____________ and ______________ the birds. ____________ __________ ________ power lines.  There was not enough food them.

To save the condors, scientists _____________ a plan to _____________ nine birds from California Zoos to the __________.  Because condors had once lived in the Grand Canyon, scientist ________________ to ____________________ the birds there in 1997.  They hoped the ______________ would take to their new home.  ______________ condors would _________ eggs and ______________ families.  The more _____________ born, the better chance the ______________ would have of __________________.

An exciting __________________ was made on March 25 , 2001 .  A condor egg was found in a ____________ in the Grand Canyon.  It was the first egg known to have been _________ by a _____________________ California condor.  It _____________ that the condors are happy to be back.  Scientists are ____________ on finding more eggs in the canyon.  The Grand Canyon as a condor _______________ shows real _______________ for increasing these ____________ birds' ___________________.

9. Alexander the Great: the Teen Years

Alexander the Great was one of the greatest ________________ in history.  In his ___________ _______________ e(356 to 323 B.C.) he created a ___________ _____________ that _______________ from Europe to Asia to North Africa.  A great _______________ ______________ , he wanted to out and __________________ the world.

Before he even  reached ____________________ , he already showed the ___________ of becoming a great _____________.  So it was not _________________ that Alexander's father , King Philip , had a __________ time with his son.  He sent the 17-year-old Alexander to ____________ _________ ______________ along the northern ______________.  Alexander  was __________ for the job.  He took his soldiers and raced to meet the _____________ .  He ________ ___________ a ____________ and set up an army camp in their town.  He _____________ himself _______________ and names the place ___________________.

As a young, new ___________, Alexander got many _____________ _______ _____________ from his father.  King Philip told his son that he _____________ to ___________ _______________ with _____________ man in the city.  It didn't matter _______ they were ________ ______ _________.  King Philip knew it was important to know his _____________ and his ______________.

Although Alexander was young, Philip _________________ him to lead a ____________ of the army.  At the famous Battle of _______________ , the 18-year-old ____________ led the winning _______________.  His soldiers went to _________ the Theban Sacred Band on their horses.  The _____________ ____________ __________ were a group of _______________ who would never run away from a ________ .  Alexander _____________  an ______________ in the enemy lines.  Without _________________. he _______________ his troops through it.  Alexander and his __________ overcame the famous band.

King Philip had made a wise choice in ________________ Alexander  there.  The victory ____________ to be the _________________ of Philip's ___________over all of Greece. It was the first of Alexander's many great ______________ ________________ which ________________ when he became king.

10. The Confucius family Estate

Where do you live?  In an ______________ or a house?  On a farm or __________?  Not many people live on an ____________ with _____________ ______ buildings and more 450 rooms.  ________________ , the famous Chinese teacher , didn't _____________.  But some of his family ____________________ did.

_________________ real name was King Fuzi , or Master Kong.  _____________ lived 2,500 years ago.  It was a time of war and _____________,  He believed that both _______________ ________________ and ___________ should follow certain rule of ______________.  He tried to get __________________ to ___________ people __________ ______________.  He taught children to ____________ their parents with ______________ ______________.

The teachings of Confucius became ______________ as _________________________.  It is not a _______________.  But Confucius  was loved as a _____________ leader after he died.  Through the years , _________________ from each ______________ gave ____________ to the King family.  Most of them were the wonderful buildings that went up on the family ________________.  _______________________ often visited, entering through the Gate of Double ______________.  One emperor gave the head of the Kong family the title of "___________".

The ___________ is in the east China city of Qufu.  Over the years, it grew to several ________________.  There were _______________ _________________ for living, working, and ____________________ .  There was even a Tower of __________, a ____________ in case of _____________.  The family had its own temple for ___________, too .

Near the _______________ is the huge Confucius Temple.  It started with three rooms in 478 B.C.  Now it has 466 rooms!  The _______________ room is the Hall of Great ____________________.  It has 28 stone ______________ .  On each ______________ are nine beautiful dragons.  The _________________ were a ____________ far beyond those found in an emperor's ___________.  When an _______________ visited, the ______________ were covered so he would not be _________________ .

The last duke left the _______________ in 1940.  Today, it is one of the most ______________ ____________ to visit in China.  At one time, emperors looked after the ____________.  Now , the Chinese citizens who still study the great teaching of _________________ _____________ it.

11. Linda Ronstadt and Songs of My Father

Does _________ you know who grew up on the 1960s _______________ a group called The Stone Poneys?   That's where Linda Ronstadt first _______________ before ___________ ______________ ________.  Linda went on to have a ___________________ __________ __________ in the 1970s.  She began to ______________ different kinds of music when she _________________ .  But in 1988, her ______________ of Mexican songs _____________ even some of her fans.  They didn't ________________ that Linda had a long family ________________ of ________________ music .

One of Linda's great-grandfathers _________ _______________ _______ Mexico from Germany in 1850 .  In the 1880s, his son, Frederico Ronstdt, moved north from Mexico to Tucson , Arizona.  Fredrico was Linda's grandfather. Fredrico was ______________ of his double ______________ .  In his new home, he ______________ the importance of ________________ together the ____________, or English-speaking, and the Mexican ______________________.

Frederico __________________ an ________________ he called Club __________________.  It would grow to be an _________________ between the two ______________.  Some of the ________________ had little training.  At first they were not ____________ of much.  But they worked  hard to ________________.  Their __________________ grew among all the people of Tucson.  They became the leading ________________ in town.  Every week they played ______________ and _____________ music at City Hall Plaza.

Frederico's  daughter, Luisa Ronstadt Espinel, trained as a singer.  She gave ______________ of Spanish folk songs to people around the world.  She ____________  taught her _____________ about ______________ ________________.  After she stopped ______________, she ______________ a _____________ of Mexican folk songs.  Because she had learned many of them from her father, she called them _______________________, or Songs of My Father.

Linda decided to give her ___________ of Mexican songs the same title.  It was an ______________________ _______________ to both her aunt and her grandfather.  With the ______________ of _____________, Linda began a concert tour of _______________ , _______________ song and dance.  They were much like Frederico's ____________ in Tucson or Luisa's ______________ around the world.  Linda has _____________ the family _______________ of bringing ______________ and ______________ together through music.

12.  The Fujita-pearson Tornado Scale

_________________ _________ is not  a ______________ term.  But people in parts of Midwest don't care.  They live an area that gets a lot of _________________.  And that's enough for them to pay a lot of _______________ to those dark wind ______________.

________________ wind speeds at ground level have never been ________________.  But two men have worked out a way of ____________ their ___________ ____________. It is called the  __________________________ tornado _____________.  Professor Ted Fujita, of the University of Chicago, ______________ the wind scale.  Allen Pearson, of the National Severe Storms Forecast Center, added __________ ___________ and ____________.  The full ________ has been used around the world _________ 1973.

The Fujita scale ranges from 1 to 5.  F-0 is a ________  tornado.  It has a wind ____________ of 40 to 72 miles an hour.  A __________ tornado breaks ____________ off trees.  It pushes over trees with _____________________ roots.

An F-1 is not an _____________ tornado.  Its winds are 73 to 112 miles an hour.  An F-2 ___________, with winds from 113 to 157 miles an hour, is a bigger __________.  Winds with this much ____________ tear roofs off _______________.  They __________________ mobile homes and push over train cars.  These winds also carry ____________, creating light _____________ objects.  These small objects fly through the air with great ________________.

An F-3 ______________ is _____________.  With winds reaching 206 miles an hour, it can ________ ________ whole trains and __________ _______ whole forests.  F-4, a _________________ tornado, has winds up to 260 miles an hour.  There is even an F-5 tornado, named ____________________.  Its winds reaching 318 miles an hour, can make cars _________.  An F-6 tornado is called ________________, with good reason.  The scale ________________ for winds up to 379 miles an hour.  Most scientists do not think that's ______________ on Earth.

The word from scientists using the Fujita-Pearson ___________ ___________ is not _______ _________ ______ it might _____________.  They have learned that __________ ____________ of all tornadoes are F-0 or F-1.  That's good news for the people living in __________ ____________.

13. Ishi: California's Stone Age Man

You may have _________ a  Person from a Stone Age __________ in a museum.  But it was just a model, right?  What about a live Stone Age person?

On August 29, 1911, barking  dogs ________________ _____________ near Oroville, California. They found a man, ______________ and ____________ , ______________ against the fence of a _____________.  Ishi, as he came to be called, was the last member of the ______________.   His __________ of ____________ - _______________ went back to the Stone Age and was thought to be ________________.  But Ishi was very much ______________.  He had left his _______________ home and walked 40 miles - into modern _____________ .

Scientists at a museum took him in and ___________ ________________ him to 20th-century life.  He spent many hours _________________________ his skills to them.  He showed them how our early ________________ made fire,  bows and arrows, and stone ___________________.  He often made __________________ for visiting school groups.

Ishi _______________ the first step of the ______________ alone because it was ________________.  He would choose a large, black,______________ ______________ rock.  Then he would ___________ this glass-like, _______________ rock ______________ with a stone he used as a Hammer.  It would send ___________ of glass flying.  Ishi was glad when this step was finished.

Before the children, Ishi worked the ________ of the steps, ____________ the piece into a sharp point.  He used a ___________ __________, one of the first ________________ in making tools.  It had a _______________ wooden handle with a piece of deer ___________ on the end.  He rested the _________________ in a small piece of deer hide and held it in the ___________ of his hand.  He ______________ softly with the _____________ .  The _____________ caused the ________________ to flake away ______ by __________.  Finally, it turned into an ________________.

Ishi spent four years in 20th-century ______________ before he died.  His friends said that he had the __________ of child but the ___________________ of a wise man.  He left us with this simple _______________: "You stay, I go."