﻿<Lesson 1>
Unit 1
What Is Your Dream?
 pp. 8-9 
Unit Preview
Section 1 Oral communication 
Listen & Talk 
 A What are you interested in?
 B I’m interested in taking pictures.
 , 
 I want to learn how to play the guitar.
 How did you like the movie?
In the Spotlight 
Section 2 Written communication 
Read Three Idiots 
Write 
Section 3 Summing Up 
Language Focus Job-related words
 If I had taken his advice, I would have passed the exam.
 I had lost my wallet and I couldn’t find it. So I bought a new one.
Teen Links Trivia: Jobs in the Film Industry
 Project: Create Movie Titles
Wrap Up
 p. 10 
Listen 
A Get Ready
Complete the sentences. You may use the phrases in the box more than once.
1. How did you like ?
2. I want to .
3. I'm interested in .
 baking cakes
 become a photographer
 her paintings
 your math class
 action movies
 design a new car
B Listen and Choose
1. Listen and choose what the boy is interested in.
Script
M Kate, who took these photos?
W I took them during a family trip last year.
M They’re really nice. I’m also interested in taking pictures.
W Really? What kinds of pictures do you like to take?
M Well, I’m particularly interested in taking pictures of animals.
2. Listen and choose the correct statement.
 The boy was touched by the movie.
 The girl watched the movie yesterday.
Script
W How did you like the movie you saw yesterday?
M It was so touching. Especially the part when the main character 
 tried everything to reach his goal, and ...
W Wait, don’t spoil it for me. I’m going to see it today.
M Oh, sorry. Trust me, you’ll love it.
3. Listen and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F The speakers are talking about Jessica’s plans for this year.
(2) T F Jessica wants to take guitar lessons from the boy.
Script
3. M Jessica, what’s your goal for this year?
W Well, I want to learn to play the guitar.
M That’s cool. So, are you going to take guitar lessons?
W Actually, I’m just going to practice by myself.
 There are some free video lessons on the Internet.
M Good idea. That’ll save you time and money.
 p. 11 
C Listen for Ideas 
1. Listen. What is the girl's attitude toward Ms. Smith?
 critical
 favorable
 indifferent
Script
M I got my course schedule today. Ms. Smith is my English teacher.
W Really? She taught me when I was in high school.
M Oh, I didn’t know that. How did you like her class?
W Her class was really great. In fact, I decided to be a teacher because of her.
M Oh, is that right? She must be a really good teacher.
W Yeah, she really is. Oh, but she often lets you out a few minutes after the bell.
M Oh, no!
W It’s not that big a deal. She just has a lot of material to cover.
M But I have P.E. next. I need time to change into my gym clothes.
W Let her know about it. I’m sure she’ll understand.
M You think so? Well, I think I’ll change before English class, just in case.
2. Listen again. Is each statement true (T) or false (F)?
 (1) T F Maaka and Jina have known each other for some time.
 (2) T F Kevin and Maaka both come from New Zealand.
 (3) T F Jina learned how to say hello in Maori
Script
M I got my course schedule today. Ms. Smith is my English teacher.
W Really? She taught me when I was in high school.
M Oh, I didn’t know that. How did you like her class?
W Her class was really great. In fact, I decided to be a teacher because of her.
M Oh, is that right? She must be a really good teacher.
W Yeah, she really is. Oh, but she often lets you out a few minutes after the bell.
M Oh, no!
W It’s not that big a deal. She just has a lot of material to cover.
M But I have P.E. next. I need time to change into my gym clothes.
W Let her know about it. I’m sure she’ll understand.
M You think so? Well, I think I’ll change before English class, just in case.
D Listen and Summarize
1. Listen. What are the speakers mainly talking about? 
 joining a photography club
 making a film for a film festival
 watching a documentary about teens
Script
M There’s going to be a youth film festival next month. Should we make a film and enter it?
W Sure, sounds like fun. Then, what do you want our film to be about?
W Well, I’ve been interested in filming what people do every day.
M You mean like a documentary?
W Yeah, like how our friends spend their time at school. I want to see them in a variety of places, though.
M Good idea. Then, we’d have to decide on the places to film them.
W I’ll do it in the cafeteria during lunchtime.
M Cool. I’ll film them in the classrooms.
W Great. How long do you think we need to film them?
M About a week?
W Sounds good. Get a lot of great shots!
M You bet!
2. Listen again. Complete the summary by writing one word in each blank.
 The speakers are going to their friends in the and classrooms for a week.
Script
M There’s going to be a youth film festival next month. Should we make a film and enter it?
W Sure, sounds like fun. Then, what do you want our film to be about?
W Well, I’ve been interested in filming what people do every day.
M You mean like a documentary?
W Yeah, like how our friends spend their time at school. I want to see them in a variety of places, though.
M Good idea. Then, we’d have to decide on the places to film them.
W I’ll do it in the cafeteria during lunchtime.
M Cool. I’ll film them in the classrooms.
W Great. How long do you think we need to film them?
M About a week?
W Sounds good. Get a lot of great shots!
M You bet!
 p. 12 
Talk
A Try It Out
1. Choose the words and comments that best describe these movies.
 touching frightening romantic boring funny exciting awful thrilling
 The storyline was heart-warming. Some of the lines were hilarious.
 It was full of action and adventure.
 The ending was obvious from the very beginning.
 The acting was bad, and the story didn’t even make sense.
 Your own
2. Practice the dialog with your partner using the information above.
Sample
A I watched the movie Transformers yesterday.
B Oh, really? How did you like it?
A I thought it was thrilling.
B What made you think so?
A Well, it was full of action and adventure.
 p. 13 
B Act It Out
1. Complete the comic strip with the sentences from the box.
How did you like the movie you saw yesterday?
It was really amazing. 
I liked every part of it.
Really? What was so great about it?
(1) 
Sounds interesting.
Yeah. So, it made me interested in dancing. I want to learn how to dance like the characters in the movie.
2) 
But I'm not good at dancing. Will I still be able to get in?
I think so. It may help to practice a little before you try out.
OK. I think I’ll practice using video clips from the Internet.
Good idea. 
(3) 
 That’ll be a good place to start.
 I really want to take dance lessons.
 Why don’t you join the school dance club, then?
 The parts when the characters danced were amazing.
2. Listen and check your answers. Then role-play the dialog with your partner.
3. What is your favorite movie? Which scenes impressed you most? Talk with your partner about the movie.
 p. 14 
In the Spotlight 
A Tune In
1. Listen to the short talk and complete the article for the school newspaper. Then talk about the main idea with your partner.
INTERVIEW March 16
 Today’s talk was given by a wildlife (1) . He got interested in photography because photos can (2) (3) about the
 environment very effectively. Lately, he has been taking photos of endangered animals in the (4) , which he says is rewarding. His advice for students who want to be professional photographers is “try to be a photographer first, and the (5) part might come later.”
Script
M1 Hi, everyone. I’m Greg Ferris. I’m pleased to be here to talk about my life as a professional photographer. I became interested in photography when I saw pictures of endangered animals. I realized that photos can deliver messages about the environment very effectively. So, I decided to be a wildlife photographer. I’ve been taking photos in the Amazon for the past three years. So, does anyone have any questions?
W1 What was your most memorable experience in the Amazon?
M1 I had to wait for ten days in a boat on the river to get a photo of pink dolphins. It was hard, but very rewarding.
M2 Can you tell us about your plans for the future?
M1 Well, lots of animals in Asia are also endangered. So, I want to take pictures of them.
W2 Do you have any advice for teenagers who are interested in becoming professional
photographers?
M1 Well, first, go out and take photos, and see if you enjoy it. If you love photography and create beautiful photos, people will start to recognize your talent. Then, you can think about becoming a professional photographer. So, try to be a photographer first, and maybe the professional part might come later.
I want to learn more about fashion design because
I love clothes and fashion.
I wonder if it’s a tough job, though.
2. What profession would you like to learn more about?
 p. 15 
B Voice Out 
1. What are your interests and career goals? Complete the profiles using the information in the box.
Name Karen
interests sports
Career goals
Name Paul
interests cooking
Career goals
Name Sujin
interests psychology
Career goals
Name
interests
Career goals
personal trainer counselor chef entertainer
food stylist designer financial planner 
 Your own
2. Interview your classmates about their interests and career goals.
A Karen, what are you interested in?
B I’m interested in sports.
A Then, what do you want to be?
B I want to be a personal trainer.
A I think you’d be a great personal trainer.
 p. 16 
Before You Read
A Look and Guess
These are some scenes from a movie. Circle the words that come to mind when
you look at the pictures. Add your own words.
 student silly friendship India funny 
 bored photographer graduation bollywood
B Think and Match
The expressions below are from the movie Three Idiots. Match each expression with its meaning.
1. I'll drop you home. He offered you a job.
2. He's become crazy! I'll drive you home.
3. He called you to work. He likes something very much.
4. I'm in love with machines. I really like studying engineering.
 p. 17 
Three Idiots 
About the Film Farhan Rancho Raju 
 Three Idiots is an Indian comedy released in 2009. In this film, Farhan, Raju, and Rancho are engineering students. They share a room at the Imperial College of Engineering (ICE), one of the most prestigious engineering colleges in India. However, they have very different reasons for studying there. Farhan really wants to become a wildlife photographer but studies engineering to please his father. Raju wants to save his family from poverty. Only Rancho has a passion for machines and engineering.
While You Read
1. Why does Farhan study engineering?
Over to you
 2. What do you want to study in college?
imperial prestigious wildlife poverty passion
 p. 18 
	(at night on stone steps on campus)
Farhan This year I think I’ll have no time to go out and take photos!
Rancho Do you know why I remain at the top of the class?
Farhan Why?
Rancho Because I’m in love with machines. Engineering is my passion. Do you know what your passion is?
 p. 19 
	(Rancho unzips and searches Farhan’s bag.)
Farhan Hey, that’s my bag.
Rancho Keep quiet, man!
Farhan What are you doing, Rancho?
Rancho (taking out a letter from Farhan’s bag) Hey, this is your passion! This! This! Go and post this letter.
Raju But what is it?
Rancho Five years ago, Farhan wrote this letter to his favorite wildlife photographer! Andre ... Istvan?
Farhan Yeah, Istvan.
Rancho He wanted to go to him, go to Hungary, and learn from him! But fearing his dad, he never posted the letter! Farhan, quit engineering and become a wildlife photographer! Do what you’re good at! If Michael Jackson’s dad had told him to become a boxer or Muhammad Ali’s father had told him to be a singer, then think where would they stand today? Do you understand what I’m saying? (looking at Raju) He loves animals but is marrying machines!
While You Read
1. What does Farhan actually want to be?
2. Which two people does Rancho mention to show that people have to follow their passions?
Over to you
 3. What is your passion?
remain unzip fear stand
 p. 20 
 (The three friends and Rancho’s girlfriend are in the hospital where Raju is being treated for his injury.)
Nurse (approaching Farhan) Did you call for a taxi?
Raju I’ve called for one.
Nurse It’s waiting.
Farhan Thank you. Why did you call a taxi?
Raju To go to the job interview.
Farhan Oh, so you’re going to go with me?
Raju No, I’ll go to the job interview, and I’ll drop you home.
Farhan Idiot, why would I go home?
Raju Did you forget? (pointing at Rancho) We promised something to this idiot! Give, give me your tie!
Farhan Why?
Pia(Rancho’s girlfriend) (taking the letter gently from Raju) Give it to me. I don’t think after reading this you’ll be able to go to the interview!
	
 p. 21 
Farhan What is that?
Pia It’s a letter for you.
Rancho It’s from Hungary!
Pia It’s some photographer, Andre Istvan!
Farhan Idiots, you posted my letter?
Rancho He liked your photos very much. He’s become crazy! He wants to make you his assistant!
Pia He called you to work in the Brazilian rainforest for one year!
Rancho He’s saying ... he’ll even give you a salary!
Farhan Dad won’t let me go!
Rancho Go and try to persuade him. Don’t fear today, Farhan. Otherwise, in 50 years when you’re old and in the hospital waiting to die, you’ll remember then that this letter was in your hand and the taxi was at the gate. You would feel regret and say, “If only I had dared to follow my dreams, life would have turned out differently!”
While You Read
1. What is Farhan’s plan before he sees the letter?
Over to you
 2. If you were Farhan, what would you do: go to the job interview or try to persuade your father?
treat injury call for … assistant fainforest persuade regret dare to … turn out (․ ) 
 p. 22 
	(at Farhan’s house)
Dad What do you think? Will he like it?
Mom (looking at a new laptop computer) What was the need to get such an expensive one?
Dad Today, our son is getting a job. Now is the time to hold our heads high and walk with pride. Don’t you want to be generous?
 (Farhan is entering the room.)
Mom Farhan?
Dad Farhan, today was your interview, right?
Farhan I didn’t go. I don’t want to be an engineer, Dad!
Dad That devil Rancho is still playing with your brain?
Farhan I can’t understand engineering. Even if I become an engineer, I’ll be a very bad engineer, Dad! Rancho said a very simple thing. Whatever you enjoy doing, make that your profession! Then work won’t seem like work, but a game!
Dad Farhan, how much will you earn in that jungle?
Farhan Dad, the pay isn’t too much, but I’ll get to learn a lot!
 p. 23 
Dad In five years, you’ll see your friends buying cars. Then you’ll curse yourself!
Farhan I’ll be frustrated as an engineer. Then I’ll curse you throughout my life! Dad, it’s better I curse myself, right?
Dad Farhan, people will laugh! They’ll say that you made it to the final year and quit! That Kapoor Sir told me I’m lucky that my son is studying at ICE! What will he think?
Farhan Kapoor Sir didn’t get the air conditioner fixed in my room! Making me sleep comfortably, he himself didn’t sleep in the heat! Making me sit on his shoulders, Kapoor Sir didn’t take me around the zoo! You did all that, Dad! What you think makes a difference! What Kapoor Sir thinks doesn’t make a difference to me! I don’t even know his first name!
Dad Have you watched a film and are now performing drama?
Mom Stop it now, the poor guy is tense! God forbid, if he does something like what Raju did!
Dad Then the discussion is over! Don’t say anything to your son. I don’t want him to jump from the terrace!
While You Read
1. What does Farhan’s dad say will happen in five years?
Over to you
 2. What do you think you will be doing five years from now?
profession earn curse frustrated throughout
make it to … tense forbid 
 p. 24 
Farhan No, Dad, I’m not going to do anything stupid. I promise! (moving closer to Dad) That Rancho whom you call a devil, he forcibly made me put this photo of you and Mom in my wallet! He said, “Whenever such stupid thoughts come to your mind, look at this photo and think about what will happen to this smile when you do something to break their hearts!” (Dad is moved.) Dad, I want to convince you! I don’t want to spend the rest of my life with my regrets hanging over my head! If I become a photographer, then I’ll earn less, right? My home will be small, and my car will be small! But Dad, I’ll be happy. I’ll be really happy! Whatever I do for you, I’ll do it from my heart! Till today I’ve listened to whatever you said. Today, just once, let me listen to my heart! Please, Dad! (Dad gets up and goes toward Farhan’s room.) Dad, don’t go, please!
 p. 25 
Dad (pointing at the laptop computer) Return this one. Son, how much will your professional camera cost? Will we be able to trade this laptop for it? If it costs more money, then ask me, son. Go, go, son, live your life.
While You Read
1. What did Rancho make Farhan put in the wallet?
Over to you
 2. What do you think is the most memorable line in this scene?
forcibly convince hang over one's head trade 
 p. 26 
After You Read
A Follow the Story
Complete the sentences and put them in the correct order.
1. Farhan goes and explains his feelings to his parents.
2. Farhan’s friends show Farhan a letter offering him a .
3. Farhan’s dad listens to his son and decides to give him his full support.
4. Rancho tells Farhan that he should mail his letter to the famous .
5. Farhan is uncertain, but Rancho advises him to talk to his dad about what he wants.
4
 ➡ 
 ➡ 
 ➡ 
 ➡ 
B Get the Facts Right
Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
1. T F Rancho says he is the top student in the class because he is the most intelligent.
2. T F Farhan and Raju are going to go to the job interview together.
3. T F Farhan’s dad wants him to exchange the computer for a camera.
C Think and Talk
Think about the questions and talk with your partner.
1. What are some things that you and your parents don’t agree on?
2. How do you solve differences in opinion between you and your parents?
 p. 27 
Check Your Words 
A Complete the Magic Square
Put the number of the definition in the box that matches each word. If your answers are correct, each row and column will add up to 15.
Definitions
1. a type of career where you design and make machines
2. animals and plants that live in nature 
3. something you feel very enthusiastic about
4. to do something to improve an illness
5. a person who helps someone else, especially at work
6. to stay in the same place or stay the same way
7. to say offensive words which show that you are angry
8. not to allow someone to do something
9. feeling extremely nervous or stressed
 remain
 forbid
engineering
wildlife
treat
tense
curse
passion
assistant
B Read and Choose
Choose the word that best completes each sentence.
1. Susan tried to (convince / concern) Joe to listen to his heart.
2. They felt (frustrated / delighted) because there was no one around to help them.
3. Many children around the world live in (wealth / poverty) and have no food to eat.
 p. 28 
Write 
Starter Study the Model 
How to write a movie review
Read the movie review and complete the outline.
Sample 
My Favorite Movie Ever
 My favorite movie is Bend It Like Beckham. It is about a girl, Jess, who wants to play soccer. In this movie, Jess pursues her passion secretly, since she knows her family won’t approve. My favorite scene is when her team wins the big game and gets a trophy. I like this movie because it is funny and it has a good message — follow your dreams.
 Outline 
> Title: Bend It Like Beckham
> About: a who wants to .
> What happens: She her passion .
> Favorite scene: Her tream wins the big game and .
> Why I like it: It is and it has - follow your dreams.
Step 1 Prepare to Write 
Think about your favorite movie and answer the questions.
1. What is the title of your favorite movie?
➡ One of my favorite movies is .
2. What is the movie about?
➡ It is about .
3. What happens in the movie?
➡ In this movie, .
 p. 29 
4. What is your favorite scene?
➡ My favorite scene is when .
5. Why do you like the movie?
➡ I like this movie because .
Step 2 Write Your Story
Based on the information in Step 1, complete a review of your favorite movie.
My Favorite Movie Ever
 My favorite movie is .
It is about .
In this movie, .
My favorite scene is when .
I like this movie because .
movie poster
Self-Check List 
  Does it include enough information about the movie?
  Does it provide clear reasons?
  Are the vocabulary and grammar correct?
Share Your Story Step 3
Read your partner's work and give your opinion.
I like that movie, too. It was very inspiring!
seems like a good movie. I'd like to see it!
You like it? 
I thought it was boring.
 p. 30 
Language Focus
A Word-Bulding Skills
career
interview
pride
Job-related words
salary
profession
passion
Practice
 Fill in each blank with a word from the box above.
(1) He has more for wildlife photography than for engineering.
(2) You did a good job. You can take in your work.
(3) Susan is satisfied with her job because she gets a high .
(4) She had a(n) for the position of an assistant teacher.
B Expressions in Context
I wouldn't dare to propose to Belle.
 If you don't do this now, the regret will hang over your head forever!
OK. Call for a wagon. I'll go and see her now.
He finally makes it to her house and proposes to her.
Practice
 Fill in the blanks with the underlined expressions above. Change the form if necessary.
(1) I a taxi half an hour ago, but it hasn’t arrived yet.
(2) Although the runner was injured, she the finish line.
(3) The mistakes I made as a teenager still .
(4) I wouldn’t disobey my parents.
 p. 27 
C Language in Use
1 
 If I had taken his advice, I would have passed the exam.
 If only I had followed my dreams, life would have turned out differently!
cf. If you had written to him earlier, you would probably be a photographer now.
Practice
 Write the correct form of the given word to complete each sentence. (1) If (1) If I breakfast, I would not be hungry now.
 (eat)
(2) If I had practiced more, I would better in the concert yesterday.
 (play)
(3) If only I my notes more carefully, I would not have failed the quiz!
 (review)
(4) If I had studied music instead of engineering, I might a professional singer now. (be)
2 
 How much will your camera cost? Will we be able to trade this laptop for it?
 (it = your camera)
 This laptop is too expensive. Buy the less expensive one over there.
 (one = a laptop)
Practice
 Find THREE mistakes in the dialog and correct them.
A This blue shirt looks good on you.
B I like one, too. But it’s too expensive for me.
A Then, what about the red it over there instead? It’s much cheaper.
B Well, let me take a look at one first.
 p.32 
Teen Links 
Trivia: Jobs in the Film Industry
Look at the picture and match each job with an appropriate description from the box.
 1. sound crew  
 2. cameraman  
 3. director  
 4. lighting crew  
 5. actor  
 I am someone who ....
 is in charge of a film and tells the actors how to play their parts
 pretends to be someone else while performing in a film
 operates a camera when a film is being made
 is responsible for controlling the lights
 makes sure that what the actors say is well recorded
 p.33 
Project: Create Movie Titles
Think of new titles for these movies. Work in groups. (You cannot use the real titles!)
 Congratulations! You’e been hired by a movie studio. Your job is to create clever titles for movies. Two new movies have been made, and the producers are sure they will be successful. The problem is the titles. Help!
 pp. 34-35 
Wrap Up
A Listen and Talk
1. Listen. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
 the boy’s new math teacher
 the girl’s new school schedule
 their favorite classes last year
 the clothes for P.E. classes
Script
M I got my course schedule today. Ms. Smith is my math teacher.
W Really? I was in her math class last year.
M Oh, I didn’t know that. How did you like her class?
W Her class was really great. In fact, I’ve decided to be a teacher because of her.
M Oh, is that right? She must be a really good teacher.
W She really is. Oh, but she often finishes class five minutes late.
M Uh-oh, I have P.E. after her class. How am I going to have time to change into my gym clothes?
W Then, why don’t you talk to her about it? I’m sure she’ll understand.
M You think so? Well, I think I’ll change before math class, just in case.
2. Listen. Which statement is NOT true according to the dialog?
 The talent show is going to be held next month.
 The girl is nervous about being on stage by herself.
 The boy asks the girl to sing in his band.
 The girl knows the song the band will play.
Script
M Hey, Cathy. Did you hear about the talent show we’re going to have next month?
W Yeah. I heard about it.
M What are you interested in performing?
W Well, I’m thinking of playing the guitar, but I’m kind of nervous about being on stage.
M Then, how about joining our band? We are looking for a guitarist.
W Really? Great, I’d love to. By the way, what song are you going to play?
M Well, we were thinking of playing “Starlight” by The City Boys. Do you know the song?
W Yeah. I know how to play it.
M OK. Then, let’s meet tomorrow and practice.
W All right. See you then.
3. Tell a story based on the six pictures. Use the expressions below the pictures.
a boy, be interested in
want to, a photographer
his father, a doctor
follow his dream
get enough courage
persuade
B Read and Write
 One of the two fastest growing areas of employment relates to computer technology. Computer technology is becoming more widely used at home and in schools, offices, and businesses. As such, it seems like this area of employment will continue to grow for some time. The other guaranteed growth area is in hospitals. The increase in the number of jobs for doctors and nurses is partly due to aging populations. Computer technology and medicine have combined to create a new job market. People live longer now than ever before. As a result, there is an increasing demand for nurses, doctors, lab assistants, administrative staff, and support workers.
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
(1) Which sentence does NOT fit the context?
(2) What two areas are expected to offer more jobs in the future?
2. Write a short paragraph about your favorite TV program. Make sure that you include the information from the box. Write about 60~80 words.
– the name of the TV program – What the program is about
– why you like it
 My favorite TV program is . It is about 
 In this program, .
 I like this program because 
 . 
<Lesson 2>
Unit 2
Working with Language
 pp. 36-37 
Unit Preview
Section 1 Oral Communication 
Listen & Talk 
 A Can you tell me how I can improve my English skills?
 B Try to chat with fluent English speakers regularly.
 It's important to be confident when speaking English.
 To be more polite, you can say "visually challenged."
In the Spotlight 
Section 2 Written Communication 
Read 
Write 
Section 3 Summing Up 
Language Focus unfortunate / disadvantaged / indirect / impolite
 People can hide disturbing ideas behind euphemisms.
 People with a physical handicap are referred to as "differently abled."
Teen Links Culture: Great Minds, Great Quotes
 Think outside the Box
Wrap Up
 p. 38 
Listen 
A Get Ready
1. How do you ask for advice (A), suggest an expression (S), or emphasize something (E)? Write A, S, or E.
1. Can you give me some advice? 
2. It's important to be imaginative. 
3. Your attitude is the most essential part. 
4. What should I do? 
5. To be more polite, you can say "visually challenged." 
B Listen and Choose
1. Listen and choose Mr. Adams’ suggestion.
 Add more images. Use another expression. 
Script
W I’m almost done with my poster. Can you take a look at it, Mr. Adams?
M Sure. It looks pretty good, except for the word “blind.”
W Is there something wrong with saying that word?
M Well, to be more polite, you can say “visually challenged.”
W I see. I didn’t know the right expression. Thank you for letting me know.
2. Listen and choose what Shelly wants to be.
Script
M What do you want to be in the future, Shelly?
W I want to be a science fiction writer.
M That’s interesting. What kind of skills do you need to become a science fiction writer?
W Well, I need good writing skills, of course. But it’s also important to be imaginative.
3. Listen and choose the word that best completes Ms. Simpson’s advice.
 Try to use (lists / context) to better remember new words.
Script
W You look unhappy. What’s wrong, Michael?
M I’m trying to learn all the new words on this list, but I keep forgetting them. Can you give me some advice, Ms. Simpson?
W Don’t try to memorize words from a list. You have to see how new words are used in context. It’ll help you remember them better.
M I’ll try that. Thank you, Ms. Simpson.
 p. 39 
C Listen for Ideas 
1. Listen. Where is the dialog most likely taking place?
 in a hospital
 in a restaurant
 on the subway
Script
M It’s really crowded in here, Jane.
W Yeah. It usually gets pretty crowded at this time of the day.
M Look. There are some empty seats over here.
W Don’t sit there, Minsu.
M Why not?
W Look at the sign. Those seats are reserved for the physically challenged.
M “Physically challenged”? You mean the handicapped, right?
W Yeah, but we can say “physically challenged” to be more polite.
M Oh, I see. I didn’t know there was a polite term.
W It’s just better to be more considerate.
M You’re right. We only have three more stops to go anyway, so we’ll just stand.
2. Listen again and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F Jane wants to sit in one of the reserved seats.
(2) T F Minsu offered his seat to a physically challenged person.
(3) T F Minsu learned a new expression from Jane.
Script
M It’s really crowded in here, Jane.
W Yeah. It usually gets pretty crowded at this time of the day.
M Look. There are some empty seats over here.
W Don’t sit there, Minsu.
M Why not?
W Look at the sign. Those seats are reserved for the physically challenged.
M “Physically challenged”? You mean the handicapped, right?
W Yeah, but we can say “physically challenged” to be more polite.
M Oh, I see. I didn’t know there was a polite term.
W It’s just better to be more considerate.
M You’re right. We only have three more stops to go anyway, so we’ll just stand.
D Listen and Summarize
1. Listen. What is the dialog mainly about?
 learning the Korean language
 joining a K-pop fan club
 difficulties of finding e-pals
Script
W Guess what, David? I signed up for a Korean class.
M Good for you! It seems like Korean is becoming more and more popular as a foreign language.
W Well, I know you’re pretty good at learning foreign languages. Could you give me some advice?
M Well, keep yourself motivated about learning Korean.
W I know that is important. But how?
M You can listen to K-pop. The lyrics are fairly easy to understand.
W Oh, I never thought of using K-pop to learn Korean. Anything else I should do?
M It’s important to meet people and communicate with them.
W You mean I should go to Korea and learn the language there?
M Not exactly. You can join online K-pop communities, or you can find Korean e-pals and
 practice Korean with them.
W Hmm, those sound like fun ways to learn Korean. Thanks for the advice.
2. Listen again. Complete the summary of David’s advice with the words from the box.
 David thinks that to learn and with people will help 
 the girl learn effectively.
 community motivation English
planning Korean communication
Script
W Guess what, David? I signed up for a Korean class.
M Good for you! It seems like Korean is becoming more and more popular as a foreign language.
W Well, I know you’re pretty good at learning foreign languages. Could you give me some advice?
M Well, keep yourself motivated about learning Korean.
W I know that is important. But how?
M You can listen to K-pop. The lyrics are fairly easy to understand.
W Oh, I never thought of using K-pop to learn Korean. Anything else I should do?
M It’s important to meet people and communicate with them.
W You mean I should go to Korea and learn the language there?
M Not exactly. You can join online K-pop communities, or you can find Korean e-pals and
 practice Korean with them.
W Hmm, those sound like fun ways to learn Korean. Thanks for the advice.
 p. 40 
Talk
A Try It Out
1. How would you say these indirectly?
 (1) I have to use the toilet. 
 (2) My brother gets low scores in school. 
 (3) My brother is unemployed. 
 (4) My best friend's grandpa died. 
 I'd say, ...
 “I have to powder my nose.“
 “My brother is between jobs at the moment.“
 “My brother is not working to his full potential.“
 “My best friend’s grandpa passed away.“
2. Practice the dialog with your partner using the information above.
Sample
A Well, I have to powder my nose.
B Powder your nose? What does that mean?
A It means “use the toilet.” To be more polite, you can say “powder my nose.”
B Oh, I didn’t know that expression.
 p. 41 
B Act It Out
1. Complete the comic strip with the sentences from the box.
Hey, Chris. I need your advice about something.
 Sure. What about?
I want to communicate better with people from English-speaking countries. What can I do?
 Well, (1) .
That's easy. Any other advice?
It's also important to avoid taboo topics.
Taboo topics? What do you mean?
 I mean 2) .
 Like what?
Well, (3) . For example,
marital status, age, and religion are often considered taboo topics.
I see. Thanks for the advice.
 No problem!
 there are quite a few
 you may be afraid of making mistakes
 there are some topics you shouldn’t talk about
 it’s important to keep eye contact
2. Listen and check your answers. Then role-play the dialog with your partner.
3. Think of additional advice and talk about it with your classmates.
 p. 42 
In the Spotlight 
A Tune In
1. Listen to the talk and complete the notes. Then talk about the main ideas with your partner.
Tips for Speaking English Better 
 Chat with (1) English speakers (2) . 
 Try to focus on the (3) , not accuracy.
 Don't speak too (4) . Try to speak (5) . 
 Be (6) about yourself.
Script
M Do you want to improve your English speaking skills? Here are some useful tips for those of you who really want to speak English better. First, it’s important to practice speaking English with people who speak English fluently. Also, you have to do it regularly. Second, you should try to focus on the message. Communication is nothing but making yourself understood and understanding the other person’s message. Don’t worry too much about being accurate all the time. Remember, don’t try to speak too fast. If you do, the other
person will find it hard to understand you. Take your time and speak clearly. Finally, it’s important to be confident. Confidence is perhaps the most important element when it comes to speaking another language. Nobody will make fun of you, so be confident when you communicate. Keep these tips in mind and practice them. In time, you’ll find yourself speaking English much better than before.
2. Choose the tip you think is the most useful and talk about it with your partner.
 I think it’s important not to speak too fast. If you speak too fast, you’ll make more mistakes. Then, the other person may have trouble understanding you.
 p. 43 
B Voice Out 
1. Examine the tips for writing and offer a advice to each student.
 Tips for Writing in English Better
 Brainstorm ideas before writing.
 Organize ideas logically.
 Use simple language.
 Learn more words and grammar.
 Practice writing regularly.
 Your own
(1) People say my writing is hard to follow. They complain it's badly structured.
Advice
 
(1) I'm afraid of making mistakes when writing. So, I don't write as much as I should.
Advice
 
 Useful Expressions
 If I were you, I'd ....
 In my opinion, you should ....
 Well, I think it's a good idea to .... 
2. What problem do you have when writing? Talk about it and get advice from your partner.
 My problem .
 p. 44 
Before You Read
A Match and Share
Match two expressions that have the same meaning. Then talk with your partner about why people use the expressions on the right.
1. homeless between jobs
2. fire someone let someone go
3. fat character line
4. unemployed living on the streets
5. wrinkle full-bodied
B Look and Think
How would you give the same message, but in a nicer way?
1. He is lazy.
>> 
2. She is loud and arrogant.
>> 
 p. 45 
Pleasant Ways to Say Something
 In every culture, there are topics that are hard to talk about directly. People often speak about these topics using euphemisms. The term euphemism originates from Greek: eu means
“well,” and pheme means “speak.” Euphemisms are expressions intended to be less offensive, disturbing, or embarrassing than the words or phrases they replace.
While You Read
1. Circle the word that can be defined as “talking about something indirectly.”
Over to you
 2. Where does the term “euphemism” come from?
euphemism originate intend offensive disturbing replace
 p. 46 
 One reason why people use euphemisms is that they can hide unpleasant or disturbing ideas behind them. So, people don’t have to bring up the ideas directly and upset people. Also, euphemisms are partly based on superstition. Some people
believe that words have the power to bring bad fortune. They think, for example, that saying the word “death” invites death. Thus, they avoid using taboo words and employ euphemisms, instead.
 No matter what causes people to talk more indirectly, euphemisms play an
important role in every language. The English language abounds in euphemisms that describe death. Most people, for example, would find it very difficult to say in plain English that they had arranged for their sick old dog to be killed. Thus, they soften the pain by saying, “We had our dog put down,” or “We had our dog put to sleep.”
Similarly, instead of saying, “My uncle died last week,” most people would say, “My uncle passed away last week.”
bring up () upset superstition taboo abound in … 
 p. 47 
 In English, unpleasant bodily functions and situations are also often spoken about using euphemisms. A polite visitor to your home wouldn’t say, “Can I use the toilet?” Instead, he or
she may say, “Can I use the bathroom?” or “Where can I wash my hands?” If a man is unemployed, he is said to be “between jobs at the moment.” If your boss is lying, he is being “economical with the truth.” If your aunt is poor, she is “financially embarrassed” or
simply “disadvantaged.”
While You Read
1. What is the first paragraph on page 46 mainly about?
 definition of euphemisms purposes of using euphemisms examples of euphemisms
2. Underline the expressions that were replaced by euphemisms.
Over to you
 3. Which occupations would use lots of euphemisms?
unemployed economical financially disadvantaged
 p. 48 
 Schools are full of euphemisms, too. Teachers do not want to offend students or parents by being too blunt or direct. So, they usually choose softer words to convey their message. For this reason, school reports often contain euphemisms such as “He is not working to his full potential” (he is lazy), “She is unable to concentrate in class” (she is disruptive), and “He has strong opinions about everything and is not afraid to voice them” (he is loud and
arrogant).
 p. 49 
 Some of the recently-coined euphemisms are used to avoid giving offense to various minority groups or unfortunate individuals. People who have severe learning difficulties are called “intellectually challenged,” and those with a physical handicap are referred to as “differently abled.” Blind people are described as “visually challenged,” while deaf people are sometimes referred to as “visually oriented.” All these words and expressions are used to avoid offending minority groups. This sensitivity is often called “political correctness.”
While You Read
1. What is the main idea of the paragraph on page 48?
 often use euphemisms not to students and parents.
2. Why are the politically correct expressions used?
Over to you
 3. Which euphemism do you think is the most confusing?
blunt convey disruptive arrogant offense minority severe
refer to … oriented sensitivity
 p. 50 
	It is clear that euphemisms can be useful for native speakers of English when they need to talk about unpleasant topics. However, euphemisms pose an additional burden to people who are learning English as a foreign language. First, learners have to learn which expressions are appropriate in different situations. For instance, the expressions “kick the bucket” and “pass away” both have the same meaning as the word “die.” Do native speakers of English use both interchangeably? No, they don’t. A thoughtful person wouldn’t visit a family after a loved one had passed away and say, “Sorry to hear old Charlie kicked the bucket.” In order to avoid making such mistakes, learners of English have to figure out the subtle differences in usage.
pose burden bucket interchangeably thoughtful 
figure out subtle
 p. 51 
 Euphemisms are also problematic for English learners because they often contain more difficult words than their more direct counterparts. Learners of English, for instance,
have to memorize that an old person can be referred to as “a senior citizen,” while a police officer can be described as “a law-enforcement officer.” They also have to learn to use euphemisms like “vertically challenged” when they can get by with “short.” Despite the burden that euphemisms pose on learners of English, it is clear that euphemisms are tools which allow us to talk about all kinds of things in appropriate and polite ways. As old euphemisms fall out of use and new ones come into use, English is ever evolving to handle every situation, pleasant or unpleasant.
While You Read
1. How would you say “kicked the bucket” in line 56 more politely?
2. What are some examples of “more direct counterparts“ on page 51? Circle them.
Over to you
 3. Which euphemisms do you think you will use in the future?
problematic counterpart enforcement vertically get by 
fall out of use evolve
 p. 52 
After You Read
A Get the Main Ideas
Fill in each blank with a word from the box to complete the concept map.
The origin of "euphemism":
eu(well)+pheme(speak)
from Greek
Why use euphemism?
 to hide (1) ideas
 (e.g.) poor-(2) embarrassed
 to (3) taboo words like "death"
Resently-coined euphemisms:
 not to offend (4) 
 (e.g.) blind-(5) challenged
What makes euphemisms hard to learn?
 (6) differences in usage
 (7) words
financially avoid difficult unpleasant minorities visually subtle
B Get the Facts Right
Choose the ideas that are mentioned by the writer.
 Personality has to do with how often people use euphemisms.
 Euphemisms are intended to sound less direct or blunt to listeners.
 Old euphemisms disappear and new ones appear.
C Think and Talk
Do you know any Korean euphemisms? Talk about them with your partner.
 p. 53 
Check Your Words 
A Solve the Puzzle
Complete the puzzle using the clues in the box.
l Down l
1. Can you tell the difference between the two paintings?
2. Jimmy always thinks he is the best; he is so .
3. Proverbs often messages
concisely and clearly.
lAcrossl
2. The bushes in insects and small animals.
4. make sure that you don't use 
language in public.
5. Draw a line that goes horizontally and another that goes .
6. The boy was punished for his behabior in the classroom.
B Read and Match
Write the word that best matches each definition.
enforcement counterpart pose evolve blunt
1. : to develop gradually
2. : to cause something to somebody, especially a problem or difficulty
3. : the act of making people obey a law
4. : a thing that has the same purpose or status as another one
 p. 54 
Write 
Starter Study the Model 
How to write about study plans
Read the passage and complete the outline.
Sample 
Plans to Read Better
 I understand that reading in English is a useful skill because it helps me to get
valuable information more quickly, but it is difficult. I believe that two components
are essential to reading: a rich vocabulary and an ability to analyze complex sentences
quickly and accurately. To develop a rich vocabulary, I plan to master useful vocabulary-building strategies that will help me learn new words effectively. To analyze sentences quickly and accurately, I am going to study grammar regularly and practice analyzing complex sentences. I hope I will be a better reader soon.
 Outline 
> Difficult area of English: 
> the reason why it is useful: to more quickly
> Essential components: (1) a rich 
 (2) an ability to quickly and accurately
> Plans: (1) master useful for learning new words
 (2) study and practice analyzing complex sentences
Step 1 Prepare to Write 
Think about an English skill you have difficulty with and answer the questions.
1. Which English skill (listening, speaking, reading, or writing) do you find most useful?
≫ 
2. In what way is the skill useful for you?
≫ 
 p. 55 
3. What are two essential components of the skill?
≫ (1) 
≫ (2) 
4. How are you going to improve each component?
≫ (1) 
≫ (2) 
Step 2 Write Your Story
Based on the information in Step 1, write your plans to improve your English skill.
Self-Check List 
  Are your ideas clearly expressed?
  Did you include two components and plans?
  Are the vocabulary and grammar correct?
Plans to Better
 I understand that in English is a useful skill because it helps me to , but it is difficult. I believe that two components are essential to 
 and 
 . 
To , I plan to 
 . To 
 , I going to .
I hope .
Step 3 Share Your Story 
Share and talk about your writing with your classmates.
 p. 56 
Language Focus
A Word-Building Skills
un-
fortunate
unfortunate
dis-
advantaged
disadvantaged
+
=
in-
direct
indirect
im-
polite
impolite
Practice
 Fill in each blank with a word from the box above.
(1) It is that nobody was injured in the accident.
(2) They were late because they took an route.
(3) To be more , people often employ euphemisms.
(4) Minority groups have the right to complain that they are often in society.
B Expressions in Context
I can’t figure out what “water closet” means. 
Oh, it’s a euphemism
that refers to a toilet.
Don’t worry. It’ll fall out of use soon.
How can I get by
without it?
Practice
 Check AGREE or DISAGREE, and share your opinions with your partner.
 AGREE DISAGREE
(1)     It is easy to figure out what pets want.
(2)     It is OK to refer to a friend by his or her nickname.
(3)     Paper books will fall out of use in ten years.
(4)     Teenagers can get by without cellphones.
 p. 57 
C Language in Use
1 
 People can hide disturbing ideas behind euphemisms.
 󰀭
 Try not to use confusing language when you talk with a foreigner.
 󰀭
 Some recently-coined euphemisms are used to avoid offending minorities.
 󰀭
Practice
 Complete each sentence with an expression from the box below.
(1) The tourist was unable to understand given by a passer-by.
(2) The teacher explained the principle again to in her class.
(3) People in the meeting room were annoyed by from upstairs.
(4) The scientist carefully removed from the nest.
 the disturbed baby bird the confusing directions
 the confused students the disturbing noise
2 
 People with a physical handicap are referred to as “differently abled.”
 One reason why people use euphemisms is that they can hide unpleasant ideas behind them.
 Some of the euphemisms are used to avoid giving offense to minority groups or unfortunate individuals.
Practice
 Circle the word that best completes each sentence.
(1) Some of the money donated by the kids (is / are) going to be sent to charity.
(2) Some of the problems pointed out by the analyst (is / are) pretty serious.
(3) A lot of scientists (has / have) warned against the dangers of global warming.
(4) A lot of the damage from the earthquake (has / have) been repaired.
 p. 58 
Teen Links 
Culture: Great Minds, Great Quotes
What did these great minds say about communication? Complete each quote with a word from the box.
 1. Sir William Temple
The first ingredient in
conversation is truth, the next good sense, the third good humor, and the fourth .
 2. Pythagoras
 Be silent, or say something
better than .
 3. Washington Irving 
The is the only instrument that gets sharper with use.
 4. Jonathan Swift
 Proper words in proper places make the true definition of a .
 5. Jeff Daly
Two monologs do not make a 
 . 
 dialog wit silence style tongue
 p. 59 
Fast Fact 
The most used letter in the English language is "E", and the least used is "Q."
"Four" is the only number whose letters equal its amount.
Out of all the eight letter words in the English language, only one has only one vowel in it: “strength.”
Think outside the Box
Write a word in each blank and complete the sentence. A letter can be used more than once, but make sure all the letters of the English alphabet are used in the sentence. 
 The quick brown jumps over the lazy
 .
 pp. 60-61 
Wrap Up
A Listen and Talk
1. Listen. Why did David sign up for a Korean class?
 to improve his Korean reading skills
 to meet friends from other countries
 to improve his Korean pronunciation
 to learn how to sing Korean songs
Script
W Hey, David. Did you sign up for that Korean conversation class you were talking about?
M Yeah, I signed up for it this morning.
W That’s great.
M Hey, Sujin. Could you tell me how I can improve my Korean pronunciation?
W Well, you would have to practice a lot, of course, but I don’t think pronunciation is that
 important.
M What do you mean?
W If people can understand you, your pronunciation doesn’t really matter.
M I know, but my pronunciation is so horrible that people can’t understand me. That’s why
 I’m taking this conversation class.
W Oh, I see.
M I’ve even tried singing along with Korean songs and practicing my pronunciation with CDs.
W It’s good to practice, but it’s important to interact with people and communicate with them.
M Yeah, you’re right. I hope this class will help me.
2. Listen. Why does Mr. Jones tell Sora to change some words on her poster?
 to use more difficult expressions
 to match the pictures on the poster
 to be polite and not offend anyone
 to make the poster more interesting
Script
M Are you finished with your poster, Sora?
W I’m almost done, Mr. Jones. Actually, could you take a look at it, please?
M Sure. Um, it looks great, except for some words like “blind” and “deaf.”
W Is there something wrong with using those words?
M Well, to be more polite, you can say “visually challenged” and “visually oriented.”
W “Visually challenged” and “visually oriented”?
M That’s right. Those are euphemisms for blind and deaf.
W Why use more difficult expressions?
M It’s important to use expressions that will not offend anyone.
W I see. I’ll try to remember those expressions.
M OK. Now, you can add a photo here to complete your work.
W Thank you for your help, Mr. Jones.
3. Suppose your new English teacher asks you four questions about your language learning. Answer each question in one or two full sentences.
Question (1) Which English skill (listening, speaking, reading, or writing) is most difficult
 for you?
Question (2) What makes the skill difficult?
Question (3) How have you tried to overcome your difficulty?
Question (4) How do you think I can help you in class?
B Read and Write
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
A euphemism is an expression that is meant to replace a word that people might find offensive, disturbing, or rude. A euphemism is designed to “soften” the language used, and it is commonly used in both formal and informal situations. English, like many other languages, has a large number of euphemisms related to unpleasant ideas or topics. For example, one such topic is death. The habit of using euphemisms to replace the word “death” probably originated from the superstition that just using the word “death” actually invited death. As a result, people who have died are often said to have “passed away” rather than “died.” Naturally, as a language evolves, euphemisms for death have become more . For instance, expressions for death include: “passed on,” and “gone to better place.” The wide range of euphemisms reflect people’s efforts to sound more polite and considerate of others’ feelings when speaking about delicate topics.
(1) Which word best fits the blank?
 varied superstitious practical offensive
(2) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
 definition of the term “euphemism” one possible reason for using euphemisms
 the diversity of euphemisms for death the number of misleading euphemisms
2. Write a one-paragraph essay about a foreign language you would like to learn.
Make sure that you include the information from the box.
– the language you want to learn – why you want to learn it
– two ways to learn the language
 One foreign language I want to learn is . I would like to learn the language because . To learn the language, first, , and this will help me . Also,
 . I think I will learn a lot of in affordable ways.
<Lesson 3>
Unit 3
Creativity Works Wonders
 pp. 62-63 
Unit Preview
Section 1 Oral Communication 
Listen & Talk 
 A Why does she look tired today?
 B Because she stayed up late last night.
 I'm curious about what the message is.
 What a cool idea!
In the Spotlight 
Section 2 Written Communication 
Read 
Write 
Section 3 Summing Up 
Language Focus track competition / concrete wall / world record
 Creative ideas can help at a time when there appears to be no hope.
 Poor eyesight makes it difficult to read at night.
Teen Links Culture: Interesting Advertisements
 Think Outside the Box
Wrap Up
 p. 64 
Listen 
A Get Ready
Match each question with the correct response.
 What a delicious salad! How did you make it?  
 What are you reading that book?  
 Why does she look tired today?  
 Because I’m curious about Einstein.
 Well, she stayed up late last night.
 I used a very special dressing.
B Listen and Choose
1. Listen and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F Mike thought that the question was easy to answer.
(2) T F The girl wants Mike to look at things differently.
Script
W Mike, what is one plus one?
M That’s easy! A five-year-old could tell you the answer. Why do you ask?
W Because I want you to think more creatively.
M What do you mean?
W One plus one doesn’t always make two. One drop of water plus another makes just one
 bigger drop.
M Hmm, I’ve never thought about it like that before!
2. Listen and choose what the speakers are talking about.
Script
M Susan, what do you think of this invention?
W Oh, it’s small and cute. What is it for?
M Well, some books are so thick that they’re hard to hold open when you read them. This will help you hold a book open with one hand.
W That’s cool! I’m curious about how people can be so creative.
3. Listen and choose the correct statement about Jake.
 He invented a special butter stick.
 He will send a text message to Sally.
Script
W Jake, what are you doing to your bread with that glue stick?
M Hey, Sally. This looks like a regular glue stick, doesn’t it? Actually, this is a butter stick.
W A butter stick? So, you don’t need a knife to spread butter on your bread? What a cool
 idea!
M That’s right. Besides, you can easily carry your butter anywhere you like.
W Where did you get it? I want one. 
M I bought it on the Internet. I’ll text you the website address.
 p. 65 
C Listen for Ideas 
1. Listen. What is the dialog mainly about?
 useful inventions
 future technology
 favorite electronic goods
Script
M Look, Jessica. Here is an article about the ten greatest inventions of all time.
W Oh, let me see, Sean. Cellphones, computers, digital cameras ... um, this list looks interesting.
M Which invention do you think is the most useful?
W Well, they’re all useful, but I think computers are the most useful.
M What makes you say that?
W Because you can do almost anything with your computer. What do you think?
M I guess cellphones are the most useful invention.
W Why?
M Because I can talk to my friends anytime, anywhere on my cellphone.
W I agree, but sometimes my cellphone bothers me.
M Why do you say that?
W Well, I can’t focus on studying because of my cellphone.
2. Listen again. Draw lines to complete Jessica's and Sean's ideas. 
(1) Jessica Digital cameras let us do many different things.
 Cellphones let us capture exciting images.
(2) Sean Computers let us communicate easily.
D Listen and Summarize
1. Listen. Which TWO works of art are the speakers talking about?
Script
W These works of art are so creative. Look at this one.
M How amazing! The plastic items on the floor look like they’ve fallen right out of the picture.
W I’m curious about what the message is.
M Oh, it says here in the brochure that the artist found the plastic items on the beach. He’s showing the need to take care of the environment.
W Oh, that’s why all of the materials are made of plastic.
M That’s right. Hey, look at this one hanging from the ceiling.
W What an interesting design! If you stand back a little, it looks like an explosion. I wonder what the artist is trying to say.
M I guess the artist is trying to show the moment of an explosion.
W It looks like it. The light in the center and the shadows on the walls really create a dramatic effect.
M You’re right. I had no idea that installation art was so unique and interesting.
W Me, neither. I’m glad I came to this exhibition.
2. Listen again. Complete the summary by writing one word in each blank.
 The speakers are at an art exhibition. They talk about two works of art.
One work of art shows the need to care for the while the other displays the moment of an .
Script
W These works of art are so creative. Look at this one.
M How amazing! The plastic items on the floor look like they’ve fallen right out of the picture.
W I’m curious about what the message is.
M Oh, it says here in the brochure that the artist found the plastic items on the beach. He’s showing the need to take care of the environment.
W Oh, that’s why all of the materials are made of plastic.
M That’s right. Hey, look at this one hanging from the ceiling.
W What an interesting design! If you stand back a little, it looks like an explosion. I wonder what the artist is trying to say.
M I guess the artist is trying to show the moment of an explosion.
W It looks like it. The light in the center and the shadows on the walls really create a dramatic effect.
M You’re right. I had no idea that installation art was so unique and interesting.
W Me, neither. I’m glad I came to this exhibition.
 p. 66 
Talk
A Try It Out
1. Match the inventions with their uses.
(1) Internet   (2) umbrella   (3) digital camera   
(4) remote control   (5) zipper  
Reasons
 change channels and control the volume from far away
 take pictures and check them instantly
 access lots of information quickly
 open and close something without using buttons
 protect ourselves from rain
 Your own
2. Practice the dialog with your partner using the information above.
Sample
A What do you think is the most useful invention?
B Hmm, I’d say the remote control.
A Why do you say that?
B It allows us to change channels and control the volume from far away.
 p. 67 
C Act It Out
1. Complete the comic strip with the sentences from the box.
Look at the ad on the bus over there.
That man seems to love chocolate bars.
(1) 
I don't see it.
Look carefully when the door opens.
 OK.
Now the door is opening. 
Ha-ha. He's putting the chocolate bar in his mouth. What an interesting ad!
 Yeah. 2) 
It sure is creative. The ad makes you want to eat a chocolate bar, right?
Wait. Wasn't that the bus 
we had to get on?
 Yeah, it was. (3) 
 Now we have to wait for the next one.
 There’s something interesting about this ad.
 I don’t know what kind of ad that is.
 I’m curious about how the company came up with that idea.
2. Listen and check your answers. Then role-play the dialog with your partner.
3. Have you ever seen an interesting ad? Talk about it with your partner.
 p. 68 
In the Spotlight 
A Tune In
1. Listen to the short lecture and complete the notes. Then talk about the main idea with your partner.
Tips for Thinking Creatively
 If you take (1) perspectives, you may find the (2) .
 Don't be afraid of making (3) that can help you think differently.
 Be (4) and keep looking for better (5) .
Script
M Hello. I’m James Anderson from Creativity Consulting. We all know creativity is important
 for solving problems, big or small. But how can we be more creative? Today I’m going to give you a few tips. First, try to look at things from different perspectives. If you take multiple points of view, you have a better chance of finding the solution you’ve been looking for. Second, don’t be afraid of making mistakes. They offer you the chance to think differently and hopefully more creatively. Third, be optimistic! If you stay positive and keep looking, you’ll be able to come up with better ideas. Try out these tips on a regular basis and you’ll soon find yourself thinking more creatively.
2. Think about how you can develop your creativity and talk about it with your partner.
I think I can develop creativity by traveling to different places and seeing the world.
I guess I can think more creatively by reading extensively and sharing ideas with friends.
 p. 69 
B Voice Out 
1. Think about creative solutions to the problems given below.
Problem
Is there a good way to stop losing ballpoint pens?
➡
Solution
Strap your ballpoint pen to your fingers. 
Your own
Problem
Tell me how to stay
awake, PLEASE!
➡
Solution
Rub some peppermint oil beneath your eyes whenever you get sleepy.
Your own
Problem
How can I tell a girl
that I like her?
➡
Solution
Make your own video clip, post it online, and text her the website address!
Your own
2. Interview your classmates about creative solutions.
 What is your biggest problem in class?
 I'm curious.
 I'd say losing ballpoint pens.
 I see. Have you come yo with any solution to your problem?
Sure. I strap my pen to my fingers when I'm not using it.
How creative!
 p. 70 
Before You Read
A Take the Survey
How creative are you? Answer the questions and find out about yourself.
Always
Sometimes
Rarely
Never
1. Are you a risk taker?
2. Do you look for opportunities to improve things?
3. Do you challenge accept ideas?
4. Do you keep an eye out for new trends and products?
5. Do you adapt easily to new situations?
6. Do you trust your guesses, intuitions, and insights?
7. Are you more interested in the future than in the past?
0-9
You will be safe, but you may get left behind.
10-15
You are up-to-date but
unlikely to be the trend-setter in your group.
16-21
You are open-minded
and like to keep up with the latest trends and innovations.
B Make Predictions
You are about to read two stories about solving problems creatively. Which words in the box do you think will appear in each story?
 The Fosbury Flop: 
 A High Jump Technique
 Asahiyama Zoo:
 Animals in Action
 track habitat miracle flight physics
 skepticism excursion creative tunnel
 p. 71 
From a Different Angle
 Problems of all kinds have plagued the human race since the beginning of time. Fortunately, many of them have been solved over time, and thus our well-being has been improved little by little. Who has solved all these problems, and more importantly, how have they done it? Put simply, creative ideas have been the major driving force behind the progress humans have made. They usually come from people who want to bring about change for the better and at the same time dare to look at things from a different angle. The following episodes illustrate how problems can be solved and progress made through creativity.
While You Read
1. Which contributes to human achievement?
Over to you
 2. When are you most creative in your daily life?
plague driving force progress bring about ( ) illustrate
 p. 73 
	
The Fosbury Flop: A High Jump Technique
 A high jump consists of three phases: approach, take-off, and flight. During approach, the athlete runs toward the bar at a high speed to pick up the necessary force for a strong
jump. For take-off, the athlete must overcome gravity by jumping directly upward while pushing against the ground. The greater the force applied to the ground, the greater the force that lifts the athlete. During the last phase, the athlete has to manage the flight so that he or she clears the bar without knocking it off. Dick Fosbury, a native of Portland, Oregon, was fascinated with the sport when he was young. He wanted to be a successful high jumper. He could jump higher than other kids his age because he was much taller. When he got older, however, he was not anything special from a coach’s perspective. In his second year of high school, he failed to jump the qualifying height for many high school track competitions. He found it difficult to coordinate all the motions involved in the traditional
technique. Fosbury was frustrated, but he did not give up.
While You Read
1. How does the high jumper fight gravity?
2. What did Fosbury’s coach think of him as an athlete?
Over to you
 3. What kind of people do you think make good high jumpers?
flop consist of … phase take-off gravity clear knock off … fascinate perspective qualify 
track competition coordinate frustrate
 pp. 74-75 
 At 16, Fosbury thought, “It doesn’t matter how I cross the bar as long as I go over it. Besides, I don’t have to worry about landing because soft-surface mats have replaced the
old hard-surface ones.” By the last year of high school, Fosbury was experimenting with his own style. He began to jump backward over the bar, head-first, curving his body over the
bar and landing on his back. He found his new style more effective. In fact, the motions involved were easier for him to coordinate. Others, including his coach, however, did not like his new style. One newspaper even ran a photograph of Fosbury performing his technique with the caption, “World’s Laziest High Jumper.” Despite the widespread disbelief, Fosbury kept successfully refining his style. When he arrived in Mexico City where the 1968 Summer Olympics were to take place, his technique was greeted with skepticism by both coaches and competitors. The audience was, however, captivated by its novelty. Fosbury changed the sport forever. He jumped 2.24 meters to break the world record and win an Olympic gold medal. History was made, and the new style was called “the Fosbury Flop.” Today, almost all high jumpers use the style Dick Fosbury invented.
While You Read
1. What does “ones” in line 48 refer to?
2. How did the spectators at the 1968 Olympics react to Fosbury’s jump?
Over to you
 3. How do you think Fosbury encouraged himself?
replace caption disbelief refine take place greet
skepticism captivate novelty
 p. 76 
Asahiyama Zoo: Animals in Action
 For generations, zoos were a favorite destination for family excursions. Zoos bustled with people almost every day of the year. Young children loved to gaze at all the animals from near and far. Today, however, many zoos around the world suffer from declining visitor
numbers. Visitors have stopped coming for a variety of reasons, and it is putting some smaller zoos in danger of closure. Over time, some zoos disappear, but others survive
and even thrive thanks to their creative ideas. Asahiyama Zoo shows how creative ideas can turn things around at a time when there appears to be no hope. Asahiyama Zoo is the northernmost zoo in Japan. It was established in 1967 in Asahikawa, the second largest city in Hokkaido with a population of about 360,000. In the early years of its history, the zoo
witnessed a growing number of visitors as the city itself grew. Then, in 1994, some animals died of a serious disease, and the zoo had to be closed for almost an entire season. The number of visitors went down significantly, and the city seriously considered closing the zoo forever. 
 In 1997, the chief manager of the zoo and the zookeepers realized people would not come just to see birds in small cages and animals confined within concrete walls. People wanted something extra.
 p. 77 
So, they decided to start a project to construct unique interactive viewing facilities where
the animal habitats and behaviors could be seen up close. The most exciting part of the renovations was the new penguin aquarium. Now visitors can see penguins waddle by and walk together along the outdoor path. They can walk through a glass tunnel, looking up at the penguins sliding through the water. The penguins are swimming in the water, but from a visitor’s perspective they look as if they were flying in the sky! 
 The project was a great success. It has turned Asahiyama Zoo into the “miracle” zoo in the far north of Japan. In 1996, the zoo had only about 260,000 visitors. In 2007, however, more than three million people visited the zoo. Today visitors are fascinated by this new way of viewing animals. The zoo’s success has greatly influenced other zoos and theme parks in Japan and abroad.
While You Read
1. Why was the zoo closed temporarily in 1994?
2. What was the major feature of the renovation project?
Over to you
 3. What do you like best about Asahiyama Zoo?
destination excursion bustle gaze thrive thanks to … 
establish witness go down significantly confine construct
interactive habitat renovation waddle 
 p. 80 
	
After You Read
A Get the Main Ideas
Fill in the blank with an expression from the box to complete the concept map.
 Creativity helps people solve problems and (1) .
The Fosbury Flop Episode 1
Problem: "I can't (2) enough."
Creative idea: jumping (3) 
Progress: helped break the (1) in 1968
 became the (1) way for most
 high jumpers to jump
Asahiyama Zoo Episode 2
Problem: "We are losing (6) ."
Creative idea: new (7) 
Progress: allowed visitors to enjoy (8) 
 brought in far more visitors than before
standard visitors interactive exhibits make progress
jump high world record viewing facilities backward
B Critical Thinking
Discuss these questions with your partner.
1. Is creativity born or cultivated?
2. In which field do you think creativity is most valued? Why?
  music   cooking   science   sports   film   business
 p. 81 
Check Your Words 
A Find the Secret Word
Definitions
1. to keep people or animals locked somewhere 
2. the force which makes things fall to the ground 
3. to move busily and lively
4. to look at something closely
5. to attract someone’s attention with charm, beauty, or excellence
6. to prosper or grow vigorously
7. to make a variety of different
 things work effectively as a whole
Read the definitions and unscramble the words. Then copy the letters in the numbered blanks to find the secret word.
B Read and Choose
Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
perspective excursion significantly waddle renovation
1. The students will have their annual to the city zoo next week.
2. The young artists began to look at things from a fresh .
3. The museum is too old, so will be closed for .
4. My tennis skills have improved since I met my coach.
 p. 82 
Write 
Starter Study the Model 
How to write an advertisement
Read the advertisement for a new invention and complete the outline.
Sample 
The Smarter Belt for You
 Are you looking for a gift for someone who needs to watch their weight? The Smart Belt is the perfect gift! It looks like a normal belt, but it shows the size of the person’s waist. This new invention has two special features. First, if the user’s waist size goes over a certain limit, the belt sends out a warning by making a noise that only the person wearing the belt can hear. Another feature is music. When the user exercises, the belt plays music to help motivate him or her. These features encourage the person while exercising. Losing
 weight is made easy with the Smart Belt! Just wear the belt and press the buttons.
 Outline 
> Name of the invention: 
> Target users: anyone who needs to 
> Appearance: looks like 
> Special features: (1) send out when the user's waist size goes over the limit.
 (2) to help with exercise
> Advantages: encourage and help him or her lose weight more easily 
> How to use it: wear the belt and 
Step 1 Prepare to Write 
Design an invention that would be the perfect gift for someone you know, and answer the questions.
1. What is the name of your invention? 
≫ 
2. Who is the invention mainly for?
≫ It is for someone who .
 p. 83 
3. What does the invention look like?
≫ It .
4. What special features does the invention have?
≫ Feature (1) 
≫ Feature (2) 
5. What are the advantages of your invention?
≫ 
6. How do people use your invention?
≫ 
Step 2 Write Your Story
Based on the information in Step 1, draw a picture of your invention and complete the story about it.
 Are you looking for a gift for someone who ?
 is the perfect gift! It 
 . This new invention has two special
 features. First, . Another
 feature is 
 . These features help
 .
 Just .
Put your drawing
here.
Self-Check List 
  Is there an interesting title?
  Are the features described clearly?
  Are the vocabulary and grammar correct?
Step 3 Share Your Story 
Present your invention to the class. Listen to the other presentations and vote for the most creative invention.
 p. 84 
Language Focus
A Word-Building Skills
theme
+
park
=
theme park
soft-surface mat
family excursion
glass tunnel
world record
concrete wall
track competition
gold medal
penguin aquarium
Practice
 Fill in each blank with an expression from the box above.
(1) The athlete has been training hard to set a new .
(2) The cup did not break because it fell on a .
(2) The 100-meter race is the most popular in the Olympics.
(4) I still remember my to the theme park on the coast.
B Expressions in Context
The number of visitors is rapidly going down.
Yeah. We should bring about change in the zoo.
Well, one zoo in Japan is thriving thanks to creative ideas.
Then, let's ask them how we can get over our problem.
Practice
 Fill in the blanks with the underlined expressions above. Change the form if necessary.
(1) The project was completed in time some creative ideas.
(2) The government must do its best to justice for all citizens.
(3) Prices aren’t expected to as demand is on the increase.
 p. 85 
C Language in Use
1 
 We have facilities where the animal habitats can be seen up close.
 He arrived in Mexico City where the Olympics were to take place.
 Creative ideas can help at a time when there appears to be no hope.
 We live in an era when things are changing very fast.
Practice
 Complete each sentence with a choice from the box.
(1) People often get creative ideas at moments .
(2) The scientist will build a lab .
(3) The first modern Olympic Games took place in the 19th century .
(4) Last month, I visited the house .
 where he can do experiments when there was no TV
 when they are least expected where Vincent van Gogh was born
2 
 Poor eyesight makes it difficult to read at night.
 Poor eyesight makes to read at night difficult. (X)
 He found it more effective to jump backward.
 He found to jump backward more effective. (X)
Practice
 Correct the mistakes and complete the sentences.
(1) People find to come up with creative ideas difficult.
>> People find it .
(2) What makes to solve the problem hard?
>> What makes it ?
(3) The boy found to study in the morning more effective.
>> The boy found it .
 pp. 86-87 
Teen Links 
Culture: Interesting Advertisements
Examine the ads below and match the photos with their captions. Which ad do you think is the most creative?
 This toothpaste formula builds strong teeth.
 It’s so strong and shows no mercy!
 For some, it’s Mt. Everest.
 Face Detect helps you find even hidden faces.
 You don’t have to risk your life because of slower Internet access.
Think Outside the Box
1. Look at the paper bags designed by a non-profit organization. What does the slogan mean?
2. Make your own slogan on the bag. Then present it to the class.
 Your own
 pp. 88-89 
Wrap Up
A Listen and Talk
1. Listen. Which is NOT true according to the dialog?
 Martha and Karl are talking about useful inventions.
 Martha thinks the light bulb is a very useful invention.
 Karl says the Internet makes the world more connected.
 Martha thinks the Internet only harms teens.
Script
M Look, Martha. Here’s an article about the top five modern inventions.
W Let me see, Karl. The light bulb, the automobile, the Internet ... this list looks interesting.
M Which invention do you think is the most useful?
W Well, they’re all useful, but I’d say the light bulb because we can do lots of things at night thanks to the light bulb. What do you think?
M I’d say the Internet is the most useful invention.
W Why?
M Because it connects the whole world. I mean, it has really turned the world into a global
 village. 
W I guess you’re right. But the Internet is a serious problem for some teens.
M Why do you say that?
W Well, many teens are addicted to the Internet. They simply can’t live without it.
2. Listen. Which is true according to the talk?
 Intelligence can be a learned behavior.
 Creativity is closely associated with intelligence.
 Anyone can be creative regardless of intelligence.
 People are usually born creative.
Script
W You may be curious to know how people can be so creative. Remember people aren’t born creative. You may be a genius but not creative. Or, you may have average intelligence but be amazingly creative. You could say that creativity is a learned behavior. It’s a matter of how you approach things or how you look at things in different ways. Think of creativity as a muscle. The more you use it, the stronger it gets. To increase your creativity, you simply need to act like a creative person.
3. Listen carefully and think about what you would say to apologize. Talk for about one minute.
 Why does your best friend look sad? You are curious for a minute, and soon you realize that you missed her birthday yesterday. She gave you a wonderful present for your last birthday. What would you say to your friend to make up for your mistake?
Listen. I'm terribly sorry ...
B Read and Write
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
 Asahiyama Zoo, which opened in 1967, is one of the most popular zoos in Japan. The zoo in Asahikawa, Hokkaido, draws more and more visitors from Japan and abroad for its unique viewing facilities, exhibitions, and programs. ( ) One of its major attractions is a tunnel made of see-through walls and ceilings. The tunnel offers a 360-degree view of penguins as they swim through the water. ( ) Another attraction is a vertical glass pipe that allows visitors to have a close-up look at seals swimming underwater. The story behind the zoo’s success is another reason why the zoo has been widely covered by the media. ( ) As a matter of fact, due to a disease which spread among the animals in 1994, the zoo lost a lot of visitors and was in danger of being closed down. ( ) Their efforts paid off, as Asahiyama Zoo is once again one of the ‘must-see’ attractions for visitors to Hokkaido.
(1) Where is the best place for the sentence in the box?
The management was determined to keep the zoo open and came up with
innovative ideas for the unique viewing facilities.
(2) Which is true about Asahiyama Zoo?
 It was closed down for a year in 1967.
 It has a unique penguin viewing facility.
 It has suffered huge losses in recent years.
 It is staffed by innovative landscape artists.
2. Imagine that it is the year 2070, and that you have a robot that helps you every day. What is the robot able to do for you? Write about 60~80 words.
 My robot, whose name is , is my best friened. does 
 because .
 The best thing about my robot is 
<Lesson 4>
Unit 4
Learning to Live Together
 pp. 90-91 
Unit Preview
Section 1 Oral Communication 
Listen & Talk 
 That's not necessarily true.
 I've heard about the 73-year-old B-boy.
 Don't be discouraged.
In the Spotlight 
Section 2 Written Communication 
Read Living Librarry 
Write 
Section 3 Summing Up 
Language Focus entertainer / creator / politician / dentist
 A living library is not a building, but any space where people can meet.
 There are a wide variety of books that are available in a living library.
Teen Links Culture: Turn Up the Volume
 Project: Be a Designer
Wrap Up
 p. 92 
Listen 
A Get Ready
1. What would you say in these situations?
1. I’ve heard that personalities can be predicted based on blood types.  
2. I’ve heard that I can’t become a pianist because
 my fingers are too short.  
 Actually, that’s just a stereotype. Don’t be discouraged.
 That’s not necessarily true. It’s not a proven fact.
B Listen and Choose
1. Listen and choose what Mike wants to study in college.
Script
W Mike, what are you going to study in college?
M I’m going to major in nursing. I like taking care of people in need.
W Really? But isn’t nursing mostly popular with women?
M Actually, that’s not necessarily true. That’s just a stereotype. In fact, there are many male nurses working in hospitals.
2. Listen and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F The speakers are talking about how to become a B-boy.
(2) T F The boy thinks that B-boying is for both young and old people.
Script
M Have you heard about the 73-year-old B-boy?
W Yeah, I’ve heard about him. I think he’s really amazing.
M I think so, too. I guess it’s a stereotype that B-boying is only for young people.
W You’re right. He really shows that age is nothing but a number.
3. Listen and choose the proverb that best describes the main idea.
 Don’t judge a book by its cover.
 Learn to walk before you run.
Script
W Why do you look so sad, Jake?
M There’s a basketball team tryout, but I don’t think I’ll make it onto the team.
W Why do you say that?
M Well, most people think you have to be tall to be good at basketball. I’m too short.
W Don’t be discouraged. Just show your classmates how well you make three-point shots.
M Thanks, I’ll try.
 p. 93 
C Listen for Ideas 
1. Listen. What is the purpose of the talk?
 to emphasize the importance of music
 to encourage people to enjoy classical music
 to help people become familiar with various types of music
Script
W I’ve been told by many people that classical music is too difficult to enjoy. There are even some who say that classical music is so boring that it makes them fall asleep. But actually, understanding and enjoying classical music is easier than you might think. Let me give you some simple tips. Try listening to what you’re familiar with first. You can also try to find out the story behind each musical piece, and imagine the story that the music is describing as you listen. When you follow these tips, you may find classical music much more interesting.
2. Listen again. Choose the tip that is NOT mentioned.
 Start out with musical pieces that you know.
 Imagine the stories behind the musical pieces.
 Find out what instruments are used in the musical pieces.
Script
W I’ve been told by many people that classical music is too difficult to enjoy. There are even some who say that classical music is so boring that it makes them fall asleep. But actually, understanding and enjoying classical music is easier than you might think. Let me give you some simple tips. Try listening to what you’re familiar with first. You can also try to find out the story behind each musical piece, and imagine the story that the music is describing as you listen. When you follow these tips, you may find classical music much more interesting.
D Listen and Summarize
1. Listen. What is David's problem according to Sarah?
 He is unpredictable.
 He is irresponsible.
 He is stubborn.
Script
M How is your group project going, Sarah?
W Not very well, Dad. It’s harder than I thought.
M What’s the problem?
W It’s David. He just sticks to his own opinion. He’s so hardheaded.
M Have you tried talking to him about it?
W Yeah. I tried to tell him that he should go along with everyone else’s opinion, but he just won’t listen.
M Hmm, well, why do you think he won’t listen?
W I’m not sure, but he keeps insisting that he’s right. Everyone needs to respect the majority opinion, right?
M That’s not necessarily true. There could be some problems with the opinion of the majority. Why don’t you talk to him again?
W I know what you mean, but if we continue at this pace, we’ll never finish the project on time!
M Don’t be discouraged. It may work out better than you expect.
W OK. Thanks, Dad. I’ll try to talk to him again.
2. Listen again. Complete the summary by writing an expression that can be used in both blanks.
 Sarah complains that one of her group members does not follow the . Her dad, however, points out that the might not always be right.
Script
M How is your group project going, Sarah?
W Not very well, Dad. It’s harder than I thought.
M What’s the problem?
W It’s David. He just sticks to his own opinion. He’s so hardheaded.
M Have you tried talking to him about it?
W Yeah. I tried to tell him that he should go along with everyone else’s opinion, but he just won’t listen.
M Hmm, well, why do you think he won’t listen?
W I’m not sure, but he keeps insisting that he’s right. Everyone needs to respect the majority opinion, right?
M That’s not necessarily true. There could be some problems with the opinion of the majority. Why don’t you talk to him again?
W I know what you mean, but if we continue at this pace, we’ll never finish the project on time!
M Don’t be discouraged. It may work out better than you expect.
W OK. Thanks, Dad. I’ll try to talk to him again.
 p. 94 
Talk
A Try It Out
1. What can we do to make the world a better place?
Make the World a Better Place
Accept diversity.
 Keep an open mind about differences.
 Try to distinguish facts from stereotypes.
Help others.
 Donate used books to charity.
 Sing or play instruments at nursing homes.
Your own
Your own
2. Practice the dialog with your partner using the information above.
Sample
A How do you think we can make the world a better place?
B Um, I think we can do it by helping others.
A Good idea. But it’s easier said than done, isn’t it?
B That’s not necessarily true. We can start by donating used books to charity.
 p. 95 
B Act It Out
1. Complete the comic strip with the sentences from the box.
I think I have to give up soccer. There's no hope for me.
 What's wrong? You look sad.
 Why do you say that?
 look, I have flat feet.
(1) 
That's just a stereotype.
But I've heard that it's a proven fact.
 (2) But he practiced hard, and now he's an excellent player.
 Really? I didn't know he has flat feet!
 There are many ways to overcome a problem, you know. (3) 
 Thanks. I'm glad I talked to you about it.
 So, don’t be discouraged.
 I can’t believe I lost the game again.
 Actually, that’s not true. Park Jisung has flat feet, too.
 I’ve heard that people with flat feet can’t become great soccer players.
2. Listen and check your answers. Then role-play the dialog with your partner.
3. What other stereotypes do you know? Talk about them with your classmates.
 p. 96 
In the Spotlight 
A Tune In
1. Listen to the TV debate show and complete the table. Then talk about each
person’s opinion with your partner.
Topic Fame Hungry Teens: Should training start at an early age? 
Agree
Disagree
David
Intense (1) is a good
idea if they know what they
want to do.
Judy
They will miss out on those
things they can only (3) 
during the teen years.
Suji
They are lucky to be able to
focus on their (2) .
Jiho
It is too (4) to decide
your path at an early age. It is
better to go through various
types of experiences.
Script
W1 Hello, everyone. Welcome to our debate show. The topic for today is fame hungry teens. David, Suji, Jiho, and Judy are on the panel today. Let’s hear what they think about being trained early to become an entertainer. David, why don’t you start?
M1 I’m in favor of this idea. If a kid knows what he or she wants to do at an early age, then intense practice is a good idea.
W1 I see. Judy, what’s your opinion?
W2 It’s reasonable on the surface, but there are certain things these kids can only experience
 during their teen years. Those who are trained to become stars have no time for that.
W3 Actually, that’s not correct. It’s just a stereotype. They go through their teen years differently, that’s all. I think they’re actually lucky to be able to focus on their passion.
W1 I guess that’s one way of looking at it, Suji. What are your views on this topic, Jiho?
M2 In my opinion, it’s too risky to set your path at an early age. I think it’s much better to find out what you want to be through various experiences.
W1 OK. We’ve heard many interesting opinions from our panel. Now, we’re going to take a few phone calls to see what our listeners think. We’ll be back right after the break.
2. Which side are you on, and why? Share your opinions with your classmates.
 I agree. Teens who want to be stars should start training at an early age.
 If they start early, they’ll be able to learn more and practice more.
 p. 97 
B Voice Out 
1. Read the episode in the life of Bernard Shaw and talk about its lesson with your partner.
 George Bernard Shaw, an Irish playwright, realized that some art critics had biased views, especially on Auguste Rodin, a French sculptor. One day, he invited a host of public figures to a party, including the art critics who had diminished Rodin’s work. After dinner, he said, “Ladies and gentlemen, today I’ll show you a precious piece of art. This is Auguste Rodin’s work. Isn’t this beautiful?” The critics who had disliked Rodin started to criticize the work harshly.
 “What’s that color?” “It’s too dull. And the composition is awkward.” “It’s rubbish.” 
 Shaw thought that it was the perfect time to challenge their prejudices. He pretended to be embarrassed and said, “Oh, I’m so sorry. I made a mistake. That’s not Rodin’s work; it’s Michelangelo’s.” Suddenly, the critics became very quiet.
From this story, I learned that ...
2. Have you ever acted in a certain way out of prejudice?
 For a very long time, I refused to read biographies because I thought that they would be very boring, but I was wrong. I learned a lot of interesting things about the lives of famous people when I read them.
 p. 98 
Before You Read
A Look and Talk
Check what you usually do in the library and find out what your partner does.
  study in a quiet place 
  read books
  borrow books
  meet friends
  attend reading programs 
  Your own
B Think and Share
What comes to mind when you think about the groups of people below?
Share your ideas with your classmates.
celebrities politicians entrepreneurs
immigrants artists the elderly
 p. 99 
A Living Library
 What does the word “library” bring to mind? Perhaps a building full of books. Then, what about the phrase “living library”? A nickname for a classmate who knows far more than everybody else? Actually, a living library is not a building, but any space where people can meet. The biggest difference between a traditional library and a living library is in what the books are made of. The books you borrow in a living library are not made of paper and ink, but flesh and blood: yes, they are real human beings. That is why the lending period is very brief — only 30 minutes.
While You Read
1. What is a “book” in a living library?
2. How long can you borrow a “book” from a living library?
Over to you
 3. Can you imagine how “books” are borrowed in a living library?
bring to mind flesh brief
 p. 100 
 The concept of a living library was created in Europe, where people of many different races and nations live together in communities. This often causes strong feelings of prejudice
against immigrants or racial minority groups. A youth NGO, called Stop the Violence, thought that meeting and getting to know people face-to-face would help to break down stereotypes
and encourage understanding. In 2000, they began a living library in Denmark. People became books and were “lent out” to readers. Through conversations with the “books,” readers came to realize their own prejudices and misunderstandings.
While You Read
1. Why did the concept of a living library appear in Europe first?
2. Fill in each blank with a word from the passage above.
 A living library is based on the idea that face-to-face would encourage .
Over to you
 3. Which stereotypes about races or nations are common in our society?
prejudice immigrant racial minority NGO stereotype
lend out … misunderstanding
 p. 102 
 There are a wide variety of books available in a living library. They come from all backgrounds and walks of life, but they all have one thing in common: For different reasons, they are often subjected to stereotyping or prejudice. Sometimes they are politicians, homeless people, or feminists, and other times they are unknown entertainers, models, or male nurses. All the books are volunteers who wish to speak openly about their own life
experiences, especially the challenges they have faced because of societal or personal stereotypes and prejudices. They usually wear T-shirts printed with messages such as “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” Their common wish is to teach their readers to accept other people who might seem, on the surface, very different from them.
 p. 103 
 Readers are anyone with curiosity, questions, and a real interest in learning about other people’s lives. In fact, none of us are completely free from prejudice: We all have preconceived ideas about others. For example, we may be easily biased against others by what people say about them. In many cases, these comments may be irresponsible rumors or even malicious lies. By attending a living library, readers can learn through direct conversation who those unfamiliar people really are. Then they can compare the more or less biased images with their own experiences.
While You Read
1. Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F Both books and readers have to wear special T-shirts in a living library.
(2) T F Most of the readers in a living library are completely free from prejudice.
2. Who does “they” in line 40 refer to?
Over to you
 3. What human books would you like to read if you were in a living library?
all walks of life () be subjected to … [] feminist
societal on the surface free from … preconceived
biased irresponsible rumor malicious
 p. 104 
 After meeting a model, one of the readers said, “I thought that they lived luxurious lives and always wore very expensive or peculiar dresses. Today, however, I learned that wearing those expensive dresses and going to parties are just small parts of their jobs. Rather, her life is pretty hard with a busy schedule and constant dieting to stay fit. I realized that many of our prejudices are just based on things we don’t know about, and that once we meet the
real person, we come to understand the real story.”
luxurious peculiar subconscious preconception drought multiethnic multicultural
 p. 105 
 The living library does not only benefit the readers. “Books” also may become aware of their own subconscious prejudices and learn that some of their preconceptions about what others think of them are false. An African book said, “When I was asked to be a book at a living library, I thought that many people didn’t know about my country, Ethiopia. At the actual event, however, I was surprised to meet many people who knew about my country
— not only the drought and war, but the long and ancient history of Ethiopia and its multiethnic and multicultural society.”
While You Read
1. What stereotypes did the reader have about models?
2. Fill in each blank with a word from the passage above.
 In a living library, b as well as readers become aware of their own p .
Over to you
 3. What preconceptions do you think people from other countries have about Koreans?
 p. 106 
 It is important in a living library to realize that “books” should not be taken as representative figures of the group they belong to. Needless to say, even if they
come from “the same shelf,” no two “books” are the same. Each one has its own personality and individuality. This is why “readers” find the “books” so interesting. What a “book” can say about his or her own unique experiences in society creates a stronger response in the “reader” than anything else. That may be a great step forward in trying to understand other people. One of the creators of living libraries, Ronni Abergel, says, “With dialog comes
understanding and with that comes tolerance, and that’s the mission of living libraries — to promote understanding and tolerance through dialog.”
While You Read
1. Underline what makes “books” from the same shelf different.
2. According to Ronni Abergel, what leads to understanding and tolerance?
Over to you
 3. What kind of experiences would you share with the readers if you were a book? 
representative figure needless to say 
personality individuality tolerance promote
 p. 108 
After You Read
A Get the Main Ideas
Fill in each blank with a word from the box to complete the concept map.
History
 originated in Europe where people with (1) backgrounds live
 put into practice by an NGO in 2000
Aims
 to help break stereotype and encourage (2) through
 (3) 
A Living Library
 Where real human beings serve as (4) 
Books
 (5) who tell their life stories including the challenges they have faced
 available for very brief lending - 30 minutes
Readers
 anyone who wants to learn about
 (6) 
volunteers lives understanding diverse books dialog
B Get the Facts Right
Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
1. T F Any place where people meet and talk can be a living library.
2. T F Models were mentioned as examples of people subjected to prejudice.
3. T F Each book represents the beliefs of the group it belongs to.
C Think and Talk
Think about the questions and talk with your partner.
1. Where do you think stereotypes come from?
2. How can we overcome prejudice in society?
 p. 109 
Check Your Words 
A Find the Hidden Words
Definitions
1. b : favoring one view over another
2. m : consisting of various
 different races
3. s : related to society
4. d : a long period of time
 without much rain
5. r : an interesting, possibly
 untrue story that spreads quickly
6. m : intended to harm
 someone
Find the hidden words that match the given definitions.
B Read and Choose
Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
tolerance promote subconscious luxurious stereotype
1. The government must show no for people who commit crimes against children.
2. Even though you don’t realize it, your mind often controls your emotions
 and behavior.
3. The idea that African Americans are good at basketball is an example of a racial
 .
4. The NGO was established to understanding between cultures.
 p. 110 
Write 
Starter Study the Model 
How to write a debate essay
Read the online debate and complete Pirate's essay.
Beach Guy Many adults say they regret not having learned how to play an instrument in high school. So, I think that all high school students should learn how to play a musical instrument. What do you think?
󰀲 Re: Starfish: That’s a good idea. It would help students relieve stress in a constructive way.
󰀲 Re: Oasis: I don’t like the idea. High school students should have more time to focus on their main subjects.
󰀲 Re: Pirate: I’m against it. Not all students are equally interested in music. They should be allowed to pursue their own interests. Besides, some instruments are very expensive. Not all students can afford them.
 Pirate's essay 
 Beach Guy proposed that . Some people welcomed the idea because 
 . Others, however, opposed the idea because
 . I understand there may be benefits to the proposal, but I am against it for two main reasons. First, 
 .
Besides, .
I hope the proposal stays only as a proposal.
 p. 111 
Step 1 Prepare to Write 
Read the debate and decide your position. Then write two supporting reasons.
Running Clock A lot of students say they don’t have enough time to have breakfast. So, I think that school should start an hour later. What do you think?
󰀲 Re: KeyGo: I like the idea. Eating breakfast is very important for teens’ health. Teens should have enough time for breakfast.
󰀲 Re: FunGuy: I don’t think it’s a good idea. If school starts an hour later, students will have less free time in the afternoon.
󰀲 : 
 Your ID 
Step 2 Write Your Story
Based on the information in Step 1, write your own essay.
 Running Clock proposed that for students to have enough time for breakfast. Some people welcomed the idea because 
 . Others, however, opposed
the idea because . I understand
there may be the proposal, but I for
two main reasons. First, .
Besides, .
I hope the proposal .
Self-Check List 
  Are different opinions compared and contrasted?
  Is your position stated clearly?
  Are the two supporting ideas reasonable?
 p. 112 
Language Focus
A Word-Building Skills
-er
----------------
entertainer
─
explorer
─
teacher
-or
----------------
creator
─
actor
─
instructor
-ian
----------------
politician
─
librarian
─
historian
-ist
----------------
dentist
─
feminist
─
racist
Practice
 Fill in each blank with a word from the box above. Change the form if necessary.
(1) Abraham Lincoln was one of the greatest of all time.
(2) If you have difficulty locating a book in the library, talk to the .
(3) Many kids want to be like actors, singers, or comedians.
(4) The movement contributed to promoting equal opportunities for women.
B Expressions in Context
I don't want to be subjected to prejudice because of the way I look.
Tell me how.
Needless to say, you need this mask.
Bow-wow! You only look like us on the surface.
You came to the right place. You can be free from bias.
Practice
 Fill in the blanks with the underlined expressions above.
(1) The new medicine will further tests before approval.
(2) I was new to the school; , I felt nervous and confused.
(3) Nobody is fault, so don’t try to be perfect.
(4) The plan looked great , but it turned out to be a failure.
 p. 113 
C Language in Use
1 
 A living library is not a building, but any space where people can meet.
 Meeting and getting to know people face-to-face would help to break down stereotypes and encourage understanding.
 I was surprised to meet many people who knew about my country —not only the drought and war, but the long and ancient history of Ethiopia.
Practice
 Choose the one that best completes each sentence.
(1) He enjoys reading fantasies as well as (writing / write) poems.
(2) What counts is not how you look, but (your behavior / how you behave).
(3) She not only sings like an angel, but also (dancing / dances) like a butterfly.
(4) He invited friends over to eat a good meal, watch a movie, and (play / playing) a game.
2 
 There are a wide variety of books that are available in a living library.
 I realized that many of our prejudices come from things we don’t know about.
 What a “book” can say creates a stronger response in the “reader” than anything else.
 The biggest difference between a traditional library and a living library is in what the
 books are made of.
Practice
 Complete each sentence with an expression from the box.
(1) The boy asked his mother .
(2) There are a lot of prejudices .
(3) I could remember only part of .
(4) The student finally realized .
 that can be hard to overcome what she would cook for dinner
 that she had great potential as an artist what I learned in biology class
 p. 114-115 
Teen Links 
Culture: Turn Up the Volume
The following are the lyrics to the song “Where Is the Love” by The Black Eyed
Peas, an American hip-hop group. Think about the message of the song.
Where Is the Love
...
But if you only have love for your own race
Then you only leave space to discriminate
And to discriminate only generates hate
And when you hate then you’re bound to get irate, yeah
Madness is what you demonstrate
And that’s exactly how anger works and operates
Man, you gotta have love just to set it straight
Take control of your mind and meditate
Let your soul gravitate to the love, y’all, y’all
Project: Be a Designer
1. The organizers of a living library are making a T-shirt for “books” to promote understanding of diversity. Suggest a design including a drawing and slogan to the organizers. 
2. Show it to the rest of the class and vote for the best one!
 pp. 116-117 
Wrap Up
A Listen and Talk
1. Listen. What is the best response to Mike’s last statement?
 Don’t be discouraged. You will find one soon.
 But you don’t have to blame yourself.
 I agree with you. It’s very difficult.
 Good luck. I hope you pass the exam.
Script
W Hi, Mike. Did you see Ms. Jones?
M Yes, we had a long talk.
W So, did you decide what you’re going to study in college?
M No, not yet. I don’t know what would be good for me. How about you?
W I’m going to study philosophy.
M Wow, isn’t it difficult? It’s kind of far from the realities of life.
W That’s not necessarily true. That’s just a stereotype about philosophy.
M What do you mean?
W It helps us understand real situations better by taking a deeper look at them.
M I guess you could look at it that way.
W Yeah, so it’s not that far from our everyday lives.
M Well, I envy you for knowing what you want to study in college.
W 
2. Listen and answer the questions.
(1) What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
 show host –guest employee –employer
 teacher –student dancer –audience
(2) What are the speakers mainly talking about?
 the advantages of telling the truth
 the experiences of attending an all-boy’s school
 people who motivated the man to be a dancer
 how the man overcame his fear of being judged by others
Script
W Today, we have Duncan Lyle, a lead dancer in the National Ballet Company. Good morning, Mr. Lyle. Thank you for coming to our show.
M Good morning. It’s great to be here.
W You’re very successful as a dancer now, but have you ever encountered prejudice because
 you’re a male dancer?
M Well, I went to an all-boys’ school and I thought that boys would give me a hard time about it. So, I kept it a secret at first.
W I’ve heard about how things are in boys’ schools. They make fun of people who they think are not tough, right?
M That’s not necessarily true. One day I decided to finally let my friends know about my dancing. So, at lunchtime I gathered them all together, and danced in front of them.
W What was their reaction?
M They were surprised at first, but they supported me in the end.
W So, you overcame your fear of others judging you.
M Yes. After that, I was given a chance to perform in a school event. I got a lot of respect and admiration from my friends.
W I think your passion for dancing won them over.
3. Listen carefully and think about what you would say to the person. Talk for about one minute.
 A month ago, a boy from a foreign country transferred to your class. He doesn’t
 speak Korean well and his accent sounds very different from other students’. One day, one of your classmates, Sangmin, imitates the way the new student speaks and makes the other students laugh. The new student seems embarrassed by what Sangmin is doing. After that Sangmin makes fun of the new boy every time he sees him. You want to let Sangmin know that he should stop doing this. In this situation, what would you say to him?
B Read and Write
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
 Once upon a time, a group of men who could not see came across an elephant in the jungle. Each of them described it differently, as they touched different parts of the elephant. In the end, a wise man told them that they were all right, in spite of their different descriptions. The story of the elephant and the blind men gives us an important lesson: One perspective is never enough to capture the full picture. Look around, and you will see that there are all sorts of people in the world, and that there are many ways to live our lives. As much as the diversity in the natural world increases stability and productivity, diversity in humans brings together the resources and talents of many people. People with diverse backgrounds open our eyes to new perspectives and offer unique skills, which leads to progress in society.
(1) What is the passage mainly about?
 importance of diversity elephants in the jungle
 need for a unique perspective changes in the ecosystem
(2) Which one best describes the tone of the passage?
 cynical humorous instructive urgent
2. Is it a good idea for schools to bring in more digital learning? Write about your position by describing the two provided reasons and one of your own. Use about 100 words.
AGREE	
(1) It helps students learn at their own pace.
(2) It helps students study whenever and wherever they want to.
(3) 
DISAGREE
(1) It keeps students away from interactions with others.
(2) It may be too expensive for some
families.
(3) 
<Lesson 5>
Unit 5
Mathematics in Our Lives
 pp. 118-119 
Unit Preview
Section 1 Oral Communication 
Listen & Talk 
 I've been into cube puzzles lately.
 You'll do better next time.
 It's likely to rain this afternoon.
In the Spotlight 
Section 2 Written Communication 
Read 
Write 
Section 3 Summing Up 
Language Focus Words in groups
 He claimed that he had not been paid enough for his crop.
 Behind one of the doors is a car.
Teen Links Culture: Where Did Numbers Originate?
 Think Outside the Box
Wrap Up
 p. 120 
Listen 
A Get Ready
Look at the pictures below. What would you say to each person?
 Cheer up! You’ll do better next time.
 It’s likely to be chilly today. Put something warm on.
 Can I try it? I’m really into puzzles, too.
B Listen and Choose
1. Listen and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F The room was so noisy that Sora didn’t hear Matt.
(2) T F Sora and Matt share a common interest.
Script
M Hey, Sora! Didn’t you hear me calling you?
W Oh, hi, Matt. Sorry. I was concentrating on this.
M A cube puzzle?
W Yeah, I’ve been so into this lately. You want to try it?
M No, it’s all right. It’s not really my thing. It’s too difficult. 
W It was hard for me at first, too. But once you understand the rules, it’s pretty easy.
2. Listen and choose what Monica thinks Nick should do.
 study with other classmates
 learn from his mistakes
Script
W What’s wrong, Nick?
M I messed up on the math exam again. I think I need to change my study habits.
W You know, I write down my mistakes in my notebook and I actually learn a lot from them.
M Really? Maybe I should give that a try.
W Yeah, you should. And don’t worry, you’ll do better next time.
M Thanks, Monica.
3. Listen and choose what Sam will probably do next.
Script
M I’m off to school, Mom.
W Have a great day. Oh, wait, Sam. Don’t forget to take an umbrella.
M It doesn’t look like it’s going to rain, though.
W The weather forecast says it’s very likely to rain. There’s almost an 80% chance.
M All right, Mom. I’ll take it, then.
 p. 121 
C Listen for Ideas 
1. Listen. How did the TV drama affect the girl?
 She learned how to make good guesses.
 She decided to become a police officer.
 She got interested in math.
Script
M It looks like you’re really into math lately.
W Yeah, I’m so into math lately because of a TV drama.
M Huh? What does math have to do with a TV drama?
W Oh, it’s about solving crimes using math.
M Really? You can use math to solve crimes?
W Sure. For instance, they use probability to figure out where the suspects are.
M I don’t really get it. How?
W Well, the police can use a wide variety of data and make pretty good guesses about where the suspects may be.
M That’s pretty cool. Maybe I should watch this drama, too.
W Yeah. You’ll love it.
2. Listen again. Which is true about the TV drama?
 It deals with how to become a police officer.
 It focuses on why people commit crimes.
 It shows how the police can use probability
Script
M It looks like you’re really into math lately.
W Yeah, I’m so into math lately because of a TV drama.
M Huh? What does math have to do with a TV drama?
W Oh, it’s about solving crimes using math.
M Really? You can use math to solve crimes?
W Sure. For instance, they use probability to figure out where the suspects are.
M I don’t really get it. How?
W Well, the police can use a wide variety of data and make pretty good guesses about where the suspects may be.
M That’s pretty cool. Maybe I should watch this drama, too.
W Yeah. You’ll love it.
D Listen and Summarize
1. Listen. What is the dialog mainly about?
 overcoming a cold
 joining a school club
 preparing for a report
Script
M Which club are you going to sign up for, Kelly?
W The broadcasting club. I think a lot of people are going to sign up for it, though.
M How many will be selected?
W Only two. It’s likely to be very competitive.
M What position are you applying for?
W Announcer.
M So, what do you have to do to be chosen?
W I have to read a one-minute news report.
M I see. You’re going to be great.
W But I have a cold, and my throat really hurts. I don’t think I’ll get chosen.
M Don’t give up. Drink some warm water and keep your neck warm. That’ll help.
W Thanks for your advice, Tim.
2. Listen again. Fill in each blank with a word to complete the summary.
Kelly worries that she may not get into the because of her . So, Tim advises her to drink warm water and keep her .
Script
M Which club are you going to sign up for, Kelly?
W The broadcasting club. I think a lot of people are going to sign up for it, though.
M How many will be selected?
W Only two. It’s likely to be very competitive.
M What position are you applying for?
W Announcer.
M So, what do you have to do to be chosen?
W I have to read a one-minute news report.
M I see. You’re going to be great.
W But I have a cold, and my throat really hurts. I don’t think I’ll get chosen.
M Don’t give up. Drink some warm water and keep your neck warm. That’ll help.
W Thanks for your advice, Tim.
 p. 122 
Talk
A Try It Out
1. How are school subjects useful in our lives?
(1) ENGLISH   (2) HEALTH SCIENCE   (3) ART   
(4) MATH   (5) HISTORY   Your own
 It’s useful when ...
 I calculate sale prices. I plan my diet.
 I visit museums or historic sites. I travel around the world.
 I need to express myself creatively.
 Your own
2. Practice the dialog with your partner using the information above.
Sample
A I’ve been really into math lately.
B Why math all of a sudden?
A I found out that math is not just a subject but actually a very useful tool in
 everyday life.
B What do you mean?
A Well, for example, it’s useful when I calculate sale prices.
 p. 123 
B Act It Out
1. Complete the comic strip with the sentences from the box.
I'm going to play against Team A next.
Isn't that the team with Brad Chang?
Yes, He's on that team.
On, no.(1) 
He was the MVP last year.
2) Remember it's a group competition. Brad alone can't make the team win.
You're right. I think we may be better as a team. We'll have to put our trust in our teamwork.
(3) If we beat Team A, We're very likely to win the championship.
 OK. Let's hope for the best.
All right, let's go for it!
 That’s the spirit!
 Don’t give up so quickly.
 We’re probably going to lose.
 He won’t be able to play this year.
2. Listen and check your answers. Then role-play the dialog with your partner.
3. What do you think is most important to have great teamwork?
 p. 124 
In the Spotlight 
A Tune In
1. Listen to the weather forecast and complete the table.
Day
Weather Conditions
Sat
 (1) during the day
 strong (2) in the afternoon
Sun
 (3) % chance of (4) in most areas
 temperatures likely to (5) to (6) ℉
Script
M Good evening! Here’s this weekend’s weather forecast. Weather conditions will be pleasant
 during the day on Saturday, so it’s a great day to go out for a picnic! But make sure you come home early because strong winds are expected in the afternoon. The weather will turn from bad to worse. There’s an 80% chance of rain on Sunday in most areas, and the rain is expected to continue until late at night. So, don’t forget to take your umbrellas with you. Temperatures are very likely to drop to 50℉ but they may rise back up to 60℉ by Monday. Have a great weekend, everyone.
2. Have you ever had a bad day because the weather changed suddenly? Talk about your
experience with your partner.
There was a time when I went out wearing my brand new shoes and it began to rain heavily. My shoes got all muddy!
 p. 125 
B Voice Out 
1. Match each day with its best description. Then report each day's weather forecast to your partner.
Day
Description
(1) 
It is expected to be a cloudy day.
(2) 
It is going to be pleasant with a 10% chance of rain.
(3) 
It will be sunny throughout the day.
(4) 
There is a 60% chance of rain.
(5) 
The sky will clear up by the afternoon.
Good morning! Here’s today’s weather forecast.
Today’s high will be 5°C and the low will be -2°C.
There is a 60% chance of rain. When you leave
home today, take an umbrella with you. Have a
great day, everyone!
2. What is the weather going to be like this weekend? Find out about the weather conditions and present the weather forecast to your partner.
Day
Weather
Rain
Sat
  ℃ / ℃
 %
Sun
  ℃ / ℃
 %
 p. 126 
Before You Read
A Look and Think
In what ways do you think math is used in each situation? Share your opinions with your classmates.
B Take the Survey
Answer the questions and find out whether or not you are a math person.
1. Do you like math?
 Sure, I love it!
 It’s not my favorite subject, but I don’t hate it.
 No, I don’t.
2. How much do you study math?
 More than one hour a day.
 Less than half an hour a day.
 Rarely.
3. When you see a math problem, do you always try to solve it?
 Every time.
 If it’s interesting enough.
 Only rarely.
4. When you don’t understand something in math, what do you do?
 I try till I figure it out.
 I try just one more time.
 I give up.
5. Is math important in your everyday life?
 Most definitely.
 I’m not sure.
 Not at all.
Survey Result
If you have checked 3 or more ’s, you’re
definitely a math person.
 p. 127 
Simple but Powerful Math
 Some people might think that mathematics is difficult, boring, and useless in daily life. However, mathematics is a practical subject which is essential in many areas. For example, it is used when people buy and sell things, predict the weather, calculate the probability of
winning a prize, and even prove that someone is not guilty of a crime.
While You Read
1. Underline the situations when math can be useful.
practical essential predict calculate probability 
guilty crime
 p. 129 
The Watermelon Case
 Nick Dimsdale, a watermelon farmer, sued Amex Grocers in Chicago. He claimed that he had not been paid enough for his crop. Mr. Dimsdale lives in Louisiana and does business with Amex. Amex sells Dimsdale’s watermelons to local grocery stores and gives him the money.
 Last month, Dimsdale put a crop on a barge, which sailed up the Mississippi River. He loaded two large cargo containers full of watermelons, with a total weight of 10,000 pounds. With the wholesale price of watermelons at 83 cents per pound, he was expecting $8,300 from Amex. Amex received the watermelons on August 12 and sold them to local grocers. They paid Dimsdale only $4,140.04. Amex claimed that they turned over all the money that
they had received to Dimsdale. They insisted that the watermelons had dehydrated in the sun on the barge up the Mississippi. 
Did you know?
Pound is a unit of weight used mainly in America and Britain. One pound is equal to 0.453592 kilograms.
 A judge had two watermelons analyzed, one which Amex could not sell, and the other from the same harvest which Dimsdale had kept. The watermelon from Amex was 98% water by weight, and the one from Dimsdale’s original crop was 99% water by weight.
While You Read
1. Fill in each blank with a word from the passage above.
(1) Mr. Dimsdale expected to get , but he received .
(2) The analyzed watermelons were different in their percentage of .
Over to you
 2. Whose argument do you think sounds more reasonable?
sue do business with … barge load cargo 
wholesale price turn over dehydrate analyze
 p. 130 
	
 After hearing the analysis, Dimsdale solved the problem as follows: The watermelons were 99% water by weight, but now they are 98% water by weight. So, they weigh 10,000 × (98/99) = 9,898.99 pounds, which means the watermelons lost about 101 pounds
from dehydration. He insisted that Amex should pay $8,216.16 for 9,898.99 pounds of watermelons. 
 Refuting the farmer’s argument, Amex performed their analysis differently. If the watermelons were originally 99% water by weight, then they were 1% solid (seeds, sugars, rind, etc.). For an original weight of 10,000 pounds, the solid component, therefore,
Did you know?
√ 98/99 ninety-eight over ninety-nine
√ 8,216.16 eight thousand, two hundred sixteen point one six
weighed 0.01 × 10,000 = 100 pounds. After the watermelons dehydrated to be 98% water by weight, the solid component now makes up 2% of the new weight (w) of the watermelons, i.e., 0.02w = 100 pounds, or w = 5,000 pounds.
refute argument rind component make up 
 p. 131 
 The watermelons ended up losing 50% of their weight. Thus, Amex would have owed Dimsdale only 50% of the $8,300 he expected, that is, $4,150. When they subtract from this $9.96 (12 pounds × 83 cents per pound) for the single unsold watermelon which happened to weigh 12 pounds, they owed $4,140.04 to the farmer.
 The judge found Amex not guilty, admitting that their analysis was correct. Amex could prove that they were innocent of any wrongdoing, thanks to mathematics.
While You Read
1. Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F The farmer argued that the watermelons lost about 2% of their weight from dehydration.
(2) T F Amex considered the weight of the solid component in calculating the watermelon
 weight.
2. Find a word in the passage that means “not guilty.”
Over to you
 3. What kind of mistakes have you made when taking math exams?
end up … owe subtract happen to … 
innocent wrongdoing
 p. 133 
Monty Hall Problem
 Imagine you are on a game show. The game show host shows you three doors. Behind one of the doors is a car, and behind each of the other two is just a goat. Whichever door you pick, you will receive what is behind it. You are asked to pick a door. But before it is opened, the game show host opens one of the two doors you did not pick. The host knows where the car is, and he always opens a door to a goat. You are then asked whether you’d like to swap the door you first chose for the one remaining unopened door. 
 Most people will say that it makes no difference whether you swap or not. Behind one closed door is a goat and behind the other closed door is a car. Therefore, they think that the chances of choosing the car are fifty/fifty, and that it makes no difference whether you swap or not. This sounds perfectly sensible. However, it is not correct.
While You Read
1. What are the three things hidden behind the doors?
2. Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F The show host always opens a door behind which there is a goat.
(2) T F Changing the choice does not affect the probability of getting the car.
Over to you
 3. What prize would you like to get from a game show?
swap make no difference sensible
 p. 135 
	
 The answer is you should always swap. Why? Let’s examine the consequences of not swapping. At the start of the game, you were asked to pick a door. Since there are three doors and only one hides a car, the probability of picking the car is 1/3. If you stick with your first choice, your chance of having picked the car remains 1/3. 
 Now let’s look at the benefits of swapping. Let’s consider what happens if by luck you picked the car the first time, a 1/3 chance. If you picked the car on the first go and then swap, you are going to end up with a goat. So, if you swap, you will get a goat at least 1/3 of the time. What about if you picked a goat the first time? This time there is only one goat the host can reveal. The host opens the only other goat door and then you swap to the remaining closed door, the car. In fact, every time you pick a door with a goat behind it and then swap, you win the car. And the chances of your picking a goat the first time are 2/3. So, by swapping, you have a 2/3 chance of winning the car by picking a goat the first time.
While You Read
1. What is the probability of winning the car if you don’t swap?
2. Choose the pair in which the relationship between the two words is different from the other two.
 swap : stick with hide : reveal probability : chance
Over to you
 3. Where does probability apply in everyday life?
consequence stick with … benefit by luck reveal
 p. 136 
After You Read
A Get the Main Ideas
Fill in each blank with a word from the box to complete the concept map.
Uses of Math
to (1) someone innocent
 to calculate (2) 
The Watermelon Case
Case description:
Mr. Dimsdale (3) Amex for not paying enough for his watermelons.
Result:
Amex proved the watermelons lost
(4) % of their weight because of
(5) .
Monty Hall Problem
Problem description:
The goal is to win a (6) hidden behind one of the (7) .
The chance of winning a car:
Changing the first choice increases the probability of winning a prize to (8) .
sued probability 50 doors
prove dehydration 2/3 car
B Get the Facts Right
Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
1. T F Mr. Dimsdale’s original watermelons were 99% water by weight.
2. T F The watermelons ended up being sold for less than 83 cents per pound.
3. T F The game show allows you to choose the door only once.
4. T F If you change your choice, the probability of winning the car will double.
C Think and Talk
What does mathematics mean to you? Share your ideas with your partner.
 p. 137 
Check Your Words 
A Find the Secret Word
Read the definitions and unscramble the words. Then copy the letters in the numbered blanks to get the secret word.
Definitions
1. a part of a whole
2. a long, flat boat used on rivers and canals
3. to lose water
4. the result or effect of something
5. a reason given in support of an idea
6. relating to real situations rather than ideas
7. to exchange things
B Read and Choose
Fill in each blank with a word from the box to complete each sentence.
frime innocent sue owe subtract
1. The man was punished for a that he did not commit.
2. Tell me how much I you, and I will pay you back tomorrow.
3. She was found of all charges.
4. The mayor will the reporter for spreading false information.
 p. 138 
Write 
Starter Study the Model 
How to write a report
Read the survey report and complete the outline.
Sample 
The Most Useful Subject
 In a survey, U.S. adults were asked, “Among all the subjects you studied in school, which one has been the most useful in your life?” In the poll, nearly one third of adults (34%) said math is the most useful subject. Literature is a distant second at 24%. History is the third most useful subject (7%). Other useful subjects include science (4%) and P.E. (4%). It is interesting that math has been the most useful subject for U.S. adults.
 Outline 
> Title: 
> Purpose of the survey: to find out 
> Results:
–U.S. adults’ most useful subject: (34%)
–U.S. adults’ second most useful subject: ( %)
–U.S. adults’ third most useful subject: ( %)
–the rest of the subjects: 
> Interesting finding: Math has been the most useful subject for U.S. adults.
Step 1 Prepare to Write 
Conduct a survey about your classmates’ favorite subjects and answer the questions.
1. What is the purpose of the survey?
>> 
 p. 139 
2. What are the results of the survey?
>> Nearly ( %) of the classmates say is their favorite subject. comes in second place at %. is the third most popular subject ( %). Other popular subjects include .
3. What is one interesting finding of the survey?
>> 
Step 2 Write Your Story
Based on the information in Step 1, draw a chart and complete the report.
My Classmates' Favorite Subjects
 In a survey, my classmates were asked, " ?" In the poll, nearly ( %) of the classmates said is their favorite subject. comes in second place at %. is the third most popular subject ( %). Other popular subject include 
 .
It is interesting that . 
 subject
Self-Check List 
  Does your writing match the information?
  Did you present the information in a logical order?
  Are the vocabulary and grammar correct?
Step 3 Share Your Opinions
Talk with your classmates about the survey results.
 p. 140 
Language Focus
A Word-Bulding Skills
judge
jury
calculate
subtract
sue
Words used in court
evidence
Words used in math
probability
guilty
proof
equation
innocent
formula
Practice
 Fill in each blank with a word from the box above.
(1) The children are learning how to add and .
(2) The bank teller was found of theft and sentenced to three years in prison.
(3) She will the doctor who performed the unnecessary surgery.
(4) The of choosing the correct answer is 20%.
B Expressions in Context
I happened to learn I could be a human if I eat garlic for 100 days.
Really?
I didn't like the smell, but I stuck with the diet.
Actually, I ate one spoonful of honey on the 100th day. That's why I ended up being me.
Actually, I ate one spoonful of honey of the 100th day. That's why I ended up being me.
Well, your diet seems to have made no difference.
Oh! You pooh-er baby!
Practice
 Fill in the blanks with the underlined expressions above. Change the form if necessary.
(1) The rivals meet each other on the street yesterday.
(2) How you look in what you do.
(3) You don’t have to your first choice.
(4) I staying at the airport overnight after I missed my flight.
 p. 141 
C Language in Use
1 
 He claimed that he had not been paid enough for his crop.
 It was difficult to determine exactly where the accident had taken place.
 They insisted that the watermelons had dehydrated in the sun.
 One day, there was a storm at sea. The people on a ship (1)(were thrown / had been thrown) overboard. Several days later, one man woke up and realized that he (2)(was swept / had been swept) to an island by the waves. As he looked around, he could see that the whole island (3)(was destroyed / had been destroyed) by the storm. It was hard to tell exactly how long he had been on the island, though.
Practice
 Choose the one that best completes each sentence.
2 
 A car is behind one of the doors.
>> Behind one of the doors is a car.
 The students never saw such a difficult problem.
>> Never did the students see such a difficult problem. 
Practice
 Rewrite the sentences beginning with the given expressions.
(1) A group of young men came along the street.
>> Along the street .
(2) The big cat jumped through the window.
>> Through the window .
(3) We were never allowed to stay out until 10.
>> Never .
(4) Brad seldom makes mistakes when doing calculations.
>> Seldom .
 p. 142 
Teen Links 
Culture: Where Did Numbers Originate?
Thousands of years ago, pictures of fingers, rocks, sticks, or symbols were used to represent numbers. Let's learn about the ancient symbols and then take a quiz.
 p. 143 
1 Vietnam 3 Korea, Japan 8 China
9 Thailand 13 Italy 18 Israel 
Fast Fact Lucky Numbers in the World
Think outside the Box
1. Read the number poem below.
NUMBER POEM
ONE is man, and one the world
TWO the sun and moon,
THREE are waking, dream and sleep
And FOUR the seasons through.
FIVE the sepals of the rose
SIX was Gabriel’s star,
SEVEN days are in each week
And EIGHT the planets are.
2. Write a similar number poem including one number on each line. Then share
your poem with your classmates.
(ONE) 
(TWO) 
(THREE) 
(FOUR) 
 pp. 144-145 
Wrap Up
A Listen and Talk
1. Listen. What does Janet suggest Tommy should do?
 ask his math teacher for help
 memorize math formulas
 solve as many math problems as possible
 write down his mistakes in his notebook
Script
W What’s wrong, Tommy?
M I messed up on my math exam again. I’m really bad at math.
W Well, how do you usually study math?
M I memorize math formulas and solve the problems in my math workbook, but it isn’t
 helpful. How do you study math?
W I write down my mistakes in my notebook almost every day and I actually learn a lot from
 them.
M Does it really work?
W Definitely. We often make the same mistakes. For me, being aware of my mistakes helped me get better at math.
M I really do need to change my study habits. Maybe I should give that a try.
W Yeah, you should. And don’t worry, you’ll do better next time.
M Thanks, Janet.
2. Listen and answer the questions.
(1) Which is NOT mentioned?
 the weekend temperature the probability of rain on Sunday
 Monday’s temperature the amount of rain expected on Sunday
(2) What will Saturday’s weather be like?
 There is a 90% chance of rain in the morning.
 There may be strong winds in the afternoon.
 There is a low chance of rain at night.
 Temperatures are likely to drop to 45℉ in the afternoon.
Script
M Good evening! Here’s this weekend’s weather forecast. Weather conditions will be pleasant
with a little bit of a breeze in the morning on Saturday, so it’s going to be a great day to go out for a picnic! But make sure you come home early because strong winds are expected in the afternoon, and there’s a high chance of rain at night. There’s a 90% chance of rain on Sunday morning in most areas, and the rain is expected to be heavy at times. So, don’t forget to take your umbrellas with you. Temperatures are very likely to drop to 45℉ at night, but they may rise back up to 70℉ by Monday. Have a great weekend, everyone.
3. The chart shows how the average temperatures in Korea have changed over
the last century. Describe the chart for one minute.
B Read and Write
 Mathematics is the only language shared by all human beings regardless of culture, age, or gender. Pi, for example, is still approximately 3.14159 regardless of what country you are in. Very few people, if any, are literate in all of the world’s languages, but virtually all of us possess the ability to be “literate” in the shared language of math. This shared language of numbers connects us with people across continents and through time. 
 , we can explain the mysteries of the universe or the secrets of DNA. We can understand how planets move, discover cures for fatal diseases, or calculate the distance from Boston to Seoul. We can build computers and transfer information across the globe. Math is not just about calculating difficult equations. It is about making better daily decisions and, hopefully, leading richer, fuller lives.
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
(1) What is the first paragraph mainly about?
 the difficulty of math the universal history of math
 the various uses of math math as a universal tool
(2) Which one best fits the blank?
 With this language In spite of the language barrier
 As for the literary tradition In contrast to this
2. Write about your favorite subject. Make sure that you include the information from the box.
– name of my favorite subject – why I like the subject
– how the subject will be useful in the future
 My favorite subject is . I like the subject best because . Especially, . I think that the subject will be very useful to me in the future. For example, .
<Lesson 6>
Unit 6
A Matter of Give and Take
 pp. 146-147 
Unit Preview
Section 1 Oral Communication 
Listen & Talk 
 A Go ahead and try some.
 B Thanks.
 It's due this Friday, isn't it?
 By the way, have you started your history report?
In the Spotlight 
Section 2 Written Communication 
Read 
Write 
Section 3 Summing Up 
Language Focus Word families
 It was the Spaniards that brought horses to the Americas.
 The door opened quietly. / The girl opened the door.
Teen Links Culture: Another Case of Global Interaction
 Project: A Very Special Time Capsule
Wrap Up
 p. 148 
Listen 
A Get Ready
 By the way, what time is it?
 Go ahead and try some.
 Help yourself.
 They are Chinese characters, aren’t they?
 Did you mean that girl with a hat?
 Anyway, where’s my cellphone?
In which situation would you use these expressions?
1. 
Changing the subject 
2. 
Offering food 
3. 
Confirming information 
B Listen and Choose
1. Listen and choose what Mario is going to do.
 order bulgogi pizza for his friends
 post a picture of the pizza on his blog
Script
W Hey, Mario. I ordered pizza. Come and have some.
M Great. I was getting hungry. Wow, it’s delicious. What kind of pizza is it?
W It’s bulgogi pizza. Pretty tasty, huh?
M Yeah. We don’t have pizzas like this in Italy. It’s a good combination of Korean and Italian food.
W I think so, too.
M I’m going to take a picture and post it on my blog to show my friends back in Italy.
2. Listen and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F Jinsu is playing janggi on the computer.
(2) T F Emily is going to teach Jinsu how to play chess.
Script
W What kind of computer game are you playing, Jinsu?
M It’s called janggi. It’s very similar to chess.
W I see. These are Chinese characters, aren’t they?
M Yeah, they are. Actually, the game is from China. Do you want to try, Emily? It’s easy if you know how to play chess.
W All right. But I don’t know these Chinese characters.
M Don’t worry. I’ll help you.
3. Listen and choose the prize for the event.
Script
M I’m really looking forward to seeing this movie.
W I heard it’s great. By the way, the movie is three hours long. So, let’s get something to eat.
M Sure. Look, there’s a special event here. If you know who invented popcorn, you get a free
 movie ticket. 
W Oh, I know. Native Americans first made popcorn by putting dried corn over a fire.
M Great. Let’s go tell the answer to the man at the snack counter.
 p. 149 
C Listen for Ideas 
1. Listen. Which is NOT mentioned about Bruno’s experience with K-pop?
 where he first saw a K-pop music video
 how he became interested in K-pop
 which K-pop group he likes the most
Script
W Bruno, what are you listening to?
M I’m listening to K-pop.
W Oh, I didn’t know you liked K-pop.
M I saw a K-pop music video for the first time on the Internet when I was in France. Ever since then, I’ve been a big fan.
W I see. I guess the Internet plays a major role in spreading culture.
M Yeah. By the way, have you started your history report?
W You mean the one about different cultures around the world?
M Yeah. It’s due this Friday, isn’t it?
W Right. I’m going to write one about the wedding traditions of African tribes.
M That’s a pretty good topic. I’ve found some information about Brazilian food culture.
W Sounds like an interesting topic, too. Good luck with your report.
2. Listen again and choose the correct words.
(1) The history report needs to be handed in by (this / next) Friday.
(2) The girl is going to write about (food / wedding) traditions.
(3) Bruno is planning to write a report on (African / Brazilian) food culture.
Script
W Bruno, what are you listening to?
M I’m listening to K-pop.
W Oh, I didn’t know you liked K-pop.
M I saw a K-pop music video for the first time on the Internet when I was in France. Ever since then, I’ve been a big fan.
W I see. I guess the Internet plays a major role in spreading culture.
M Yeah. By the way, have you started your history report?
W You mean the one about different cultures around the world?
M Yeah. It’s due this Friday, isn’t it?
W Right. I’m going to write one about the wedding traditions of African tribes.
M That’s a pretty good topic. I’ve found some information about Brazilian food culture.
W Sounds like an interesting topic, too. Good luck with your report.
D Listen and Summarize
1. Listen. Which is true according to the dialog?
 The speakers are eating fish and chips.
 Jihun does not like to eat potatoes.
 Potatoes came to Europe during the 14th century.
Script
M That looks pretty tasty. What is it?
W It’s fish and chips. Go ahead and try some, Jihun.
M All right, thanks. Mmm, it’s really good. These chips are fried potatoes, aren’t they?
W Yeah, they are. I know an interesting story about potatoes. You want to hear about it?
M Sure. What is it?
W Fish and chips are the most popular food in the U.K., but there were no potatoes in Europe before the 15th century.
M Really? I had no idea. How did potatoes get to Europe, then?
W The Europeans brought them from the Americas around the 15th century.
M That’s pretty interesting. Actually, I know about a similar story from that time period.
W Yeah? Tell me.
M The Europeans were the first to bring horses to the Americas.
W Really? That’s funny since we never think of Native Americans without horses.
2. Listen again. Complete the summary by writing one word in each blank.
 were brought to Europe from the Americas, whereas were introduced to the Americas by the Europeans.
Script
M That looks pretty tasty. What is it?
W It’s fish and chips. Go ahead and try some, Jihun.
M All right, thanks. Mmm, it’s really good. These chips are fried potatoes, aren’t they?
W Yeah, they are. I know an interesting story about potatoes. You want to hear about it?
M Sure. What is it?
W Fish and chips are the most popular food in the U.K., but there were no potatoes in Europe before the 15th century.
M Really? I had no idea. How did potatoes get to Europe, then?
W The Europeans brought them from the Americas around the 15th century.
M That’s pretty interesting. Actually, I know about a similar story from that time period.
W Yeah? Tell me.
M The Europeans were the first to bring horses to the Americas.
W Really? That’s funny since we never think of Native Americans without horses.
 p. 150 
Talk
A Try It Out
1. Match the great explorers with the correct descriptions.
 Great Explorers
(1) Roald Amundsen (Norway)   (2) Sylvia Alice Earle (the United States)  
(3) Vasco da Gama (Portugal)   (4) Yuri Gagarin (Russia)   Your own
 Descriptions
 a person who made the first flight into outer space
 a deep ocean explorer who made the world’s deepest solo dive
 the leader of the first expedition that reached the South Pole
 an explorer who sailed directly from Europe to India first 
 Your own
2. Practice the dialog with your partner using the information above.
Sample
A Look, all of these people are famous explorers.
B Let me see. So, who is your favorite explorer?
A I’d say Roald Amundsen.
B He was from Norway, wasn’t he?
A Yes. He was also the leader of the first expedition that reached the South Pole.
 p. 151 
B Act It Out
1. Complete the comic strip with the sentences from the box.
Thanks for inviting me to dinner. Here, I brought some cookies.
Thanks, let's have them for dessert. Come this way.
Wow, the food looks delicious. I'm getting hungry.
 (1) 
This spaghetti tastes really great.
(2) 
So, this is a real Italian taste!
You bet. By the way, did you know that there were no tomatoes in Italy about 500 years ago?
(3) 
Yeah. They originally came from the Americas.
Global exchange really affects the way we live. I wonder how spaghetti would taste without tomatoes.
Well, you don't need to worry about that. We have all kinds of sauces for spaghetti!
 Go ahead and have some. I hope you enjoy the food.
 Are you saying tomatoes aren’t Italian?
 How did you make it? I’d like to have the recipe.
 Thanks. I made the tomato sauce using my mom’s special recipe.
2. Listen and check your answers. Then role-play the dialog with your partner.
3. What is a traditional Korean food that is popular around the world? Why do you think the food has become so popular? Share your opinions with your partner.
 p. 152 
In the Spotlight 
A Tune In
1. Listen to the interview and complete the notes.
 Interviewee: Ms. Lisa Perry, who (1) around the world in her yacht
 duration of the trip: (2) months (three years including the preparation period)
 Reasons for the trip: interested in great (3) and wanted to follow their
 (4) 
 Most memorable moment: when the yacht came near the (5) 
 Difficulties during the trip: fighting high (6) 
Script
M Hello to all our listeners. We have a very special guest with us today. She just got back last week from sailing around the world in her yacht. Please welcome Ms. Lisa Perry.
W Thank you for having me on the show.
M It’s great to have you here. First of all, how long did it take you to travel around the world?
W It took about nine months. But, if I include the preparation period, I’d say around three years in total.
M Wow, it took a long time. Why did you decide to carry out such a difficult task?
W Well, I’ve been fascinated with the stories of great explorers such as Columbus and Amundsen ever since I was a child. I wanted to trace the routes of great explorers and follow their spirit of adventure.
M Sounds interesting. You’ve made your childhood dream come true. So, what was the most
 memorable moment? 
W I can’t forget the time when the yacht approached the continent. I was full of anticipation thinking about experiencing a new culture.
M That must have been an amazing experience. There were a lot of difficulties while you were out in the ocean, weren’t there?
W Yes. There were many times when the waves were as high as a tall building. I still thank Mother Nature for guiding me through some difficult times.
M Sounds like you were very lucky. By the way, if you get the chance to sail around the world again, will you go?
W Definitely not within the next five years. Right now, I just want to spend some time with my family and friends.
M All right. We’ll talk more with Lisa after we take a short break.
2. What would you ask if you were the interviewer?
What did you eat while you were sailing?
 p. 153 
B Voice Out 
1. If you could go anywhere, where would you like to travel? Think about the questions and talk with your partner.
(1) Which country would you like to travel to and why?
(2) What would you like to do in that country?
(3) What part of Korean culture would you like to introduce to your new friends?
2. Give a presentation about your travel plans to your classmates.
I’d like to visit Italy because I want to see different cities, especially Rome and Milan. While there, I’d like to experience everyday culture such as fashion, art, and food. I’d also like to introduce Korean food and K-pop to the people I’d meet there. I think it would be a great experience.
 p. 154 
Before You Read
A Take the Quiz
Is each statement true(T) or false(F)?
1. Pineapples are native to Brazil. T F
2. Red peppers are a crop native to Korea. T F
3. Bananas were first found in Hawaii. T F
4. Pumpkins are originally from the Americas. T F
5. The original home of chocolate is Switzerland. T F
B Make Predictions
Examine the expressions from the passage you are about to read and predict what it will be about.
significant changes
domesticated animals
agricultural crops
exchange
Christopher Columbus
infectious diseases
New World
Old World
 p. 155 
The Columbian Exchange
 The United Kingdom The United States Brazil Italy
 Look at the pictures above. You probably think that the people are eating foods native to their countries. You may be surprised to learn that each food originated from a distant land. In fact, about 500 years ago, there were no potatoes in the United Kingdom, no
beef in the United States, no coffee in Brazil, and no tomatoes in Italy.
 Many significant changes were triggered by the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas in 1492. After this, transfer of food, plants, animals, and even diseases occurred at a global level. This brought together the Old World (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and the New World (North and South Americas), affecting nearly all the peoples of the world in one way or another. People were and are still under the influence of this phenomenon called the Columbian Exchange.
While You Read
1. Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F Potatoes are one of the native crops of the United Kingdom.
(2) T F The arrival of Columbus in the Americas triggered the Columbian Exchange.
Over to you
 2. Name the explorer you like most and describe his or her major achievements. 
originate from … significant trigger transfer occur
influence phenomenon
 p. 156 
 Crops Across Atlantic
 The Columbian Exchange was most evident in the transfer of agricultural crops between the two worlds. Potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, tomatoes, cacao, red peppers, and other crops were carried from the New World to the Old. Sugar, coffee, soybeans, oranges, bananas, and other crops traveled in the opposite direction.
 This exchange of food crops resulted in far-reaching consequences in both worlds. In the Americas, for instance, the introduction of crops from Europe led to riches for some farmers. They could produce the crops on a large scale and make a large profit. The Americas quickly became the major supplier of European crops. For many others, however, the transfer meant slavery. Many slaves had to work on the plantations owned by the rich.
 p. 157 
 In Europe, the nutritious food crops from the Americas stimulated a population explosion. Around 1492, Europe’s population stood at about 60 million. By 1800, however, it had increased sharply to 150 million. The new crops grown on the continent could feed a greater
population. As the population grew, more and more people started to migrate into the cities, prompting more urbanization in Europe.
While You Read
1. Which crop did NOT cross from the New World to the Old?
 corn cacao oranges
2. Circle the TWO outcomes of bringing crops from the Americas to Europe on page 157.
Over to you
 3. Name food crops that came to Korea from other countries.
agricultural soybean result in … far-reaching supplier 
plantation nutritious simulate stand at … migrate prompt urbanization
 p. 159 
 Livestock from the Other World
 Another major aspect of the Columbian Exchange was the transfer of livestock between the two worlds. Before the exchange, there were llamas, alpacas, dogs, guinea pigs, and a few fowl in the Americas. Yet there were no other domesticated animals like horses, cattle, sheep, and goats. It was the Europeans that brought these animals to the Americas. This brought about changes in people’s lifestyles in the Americas. The livestock from Europe served as
precious sources of food and clothing for indigenous peoples. Also, horses brought by the Spaniards changed the lives of many Native American tribes on the Great Plains, permitting them to shift to a nomadic lifestyle based on hunting on horseback.
While You Read
1. Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F Guinea pigs in the Americas originally came from Europe.
(2) T F Horses from Spain changed the way many Native Americans lived.
2. Find one word in the passage that is similar in meaning to “domesticated animals” in line 46.
Over to you
 3. What comes to mind when you think of Native Americans?
fowl domesticated bring about … indigenous Spaniard tribe nomadic
 p. 160 
 The Other Side of the Story
 However, the Columbian Exchange did not always bring about positive changes. When transfer occurs at a global level, it is not always a good thing. For instance, infectious diseases like smallpox, measles, and chickenpox were brought from Europe into the Americas. Since people native to the Americas had no prior exposure to the diseases, they were defenseless against them. They began dying at terrifying rates. According to one estimate, the new diseases wiped out as much as 90% or more of the indigenous population of the Americas.
 p. 161 
 Diseases affected plants as well. For example, two centuries after the introduction of potatoes, serious disasters hit Europe. Ships accidentally brought into Europe germs that caused a potato disease known as late blight. First appearing in June 1845, the disease affected potato farms near Paris. Weeks later, it spread out on the fields in the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, and England. For Ireland, it was a deadly blow. as the Irish depended on potatoes more than any other Western nation, they were the most seriously hit. within two years, mor than a million Irish died from hunger.
While You Read
1. Write the diseases that were brought from Europe into the Americas.
2. Why were the Irish most seriously affected by the deadly potato disease?
Over to you
 3. Do you know of any other diseases that spread at a global level?
infectious smallpox measles chickenpox prior exposure defenseless terrifying estimate wipe out affect jerm late blight deadly blow depend on … die from … 
 p. 163 
 The Message
 It is clear that the Columbian Exchange took place after the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas in the late fifteenth century. It is also obvious that the exchange between the Old World and the New has influenced both in many ways over the years. In fact, the Columbian Exchange is one of the most significant events in human history. This doesn’t mean, however, that it has been beneficial to everyone. It must be remembered that there may have been more subtle effects of global exchange, both good and bad, which we may not be fully aware of.
While You Read
 Fill in each blank with a word from the passage above.
The Columbian Exchange has significantly the two worlds, but it has not been
 for everyone.
obvious beneficial subtle
 p. 164 
After You Read
A Get the Main Ideas
Fill in each blank with a word from the box to complete the concept map.
The Columbian Exchange
Causes
Effects
 The transfer of crops
>>>>>>>>
 made the Americas the major (1) of
European crops and led to slavery
 caused a (2) explosion and prompted more urbanization in Europe
 the transfer of livestock
>>>>>>>>
 served as precious sources of food and 
(3) and led to a (4) 
lifestyle of some Native Americans
 the transfer of
 (5) 
>>>>>>>>
 Caused the sharp (6) of the 
indigenous population in the Americas
 destroyed potato crops and led to the death of a million Irish from (7) 
population diseases supplier hunger
 clothing nomadic decrease
B Critical Thinking
What kinds of exchanges are taking place in today’s world, and how will they affect future generations? Discuss these questions with your partner.
 p. 165 
Check Your Words 
A Find the Hidden Words
1. Skin cancer can be caused by too much e to the sun.
2. Failing the math test was a terrible b to his confidence.
3. Dairy products can t allergic reactions in some people.
4. The i disease rapidly spread throughout the area.
5. You should p them to hurry and finish the work on time.
6. Many car accidents seem to o at the intersection.
7. The t of bags between flights was very slow.
Find the hidden words that fit the blanks in the sentences.
B Crack the Code
What letter does each symbol stand for?
1. A pl♠▧t♠tio▧ is a large area of land where crops are grown.
2. The ▧o⊙♠dic tribes moved around to find grass for their livestock.
3. The birds seasonally ⊙igr♠t◈ from one area to another.
4. The police charged him with driving under the i▧★lu◈▧c◈ of alcohol.
5. Regular exercise will be ♣◈▧◈★ici♠l to your health.
♠: ▧: ⊙: ◈: ★: ♣: 
 p. 166 
Write 
Starter Study the Model 
How to write a comparison and contrast essay
Read the passage and complete the outline.
Sample 
Ways to Communicate
 Many things have changed in our lives over the years. One of the most interesting
changes is in the way people communicate over long distances. In the past, people used smoke signals, flags, or messengers to send and receive messages. One major problem with the traditional way was that communication was slow. Nowadays, however, people use cellphones, email, and other modern technology. Therefore, it has become possible to communicate in faster and more convenient ways. In the future, with the help of various telepathy devices, people may be able to communicate without using words.
 Outline 
> Area of comparison: the way people 
> In the past: -means of communication: smoke signals, flags, or messengers 
 -problem: 
> At present: -means of communication: cellphones, email, and other modern technology
 -improvement: 
> In the future: -means of communication: 
 -improvement: communication without using words
Step 1 Prepare to Write 
Think about how things have challenged in Korea and answer the questions.
1. What positive changes do you want to describe?
≫ 
Sample topics transportation housing playing games clothing schools
2. How were things in the past? What was one major problem?
≫ People 
≫ One major problem 
 p. 167 
3. How are things at present? What is one improvement?
≫ People 
≫ It has become possible to 
4. What will things be like in the future? What makes you think so?
≫ With the help of 
≫ People 
Step 2 Write Your Story
Based on the information in Step 1, write your own essay.
Self-Check List 
  Does the essay include specific examples to show
 the differences between past and present?
  Does the essay present new views about future?
  Are the vocabulary and grammar correct?
 Many things have changed in our lives over the years. One of the most interesting changes is . In the past, people
 . One major 
problem with the traditional way was 
 . Nowadays, however, people 
 . Therefore,
it has become possible to 
 . In the future, with the help of 
 , people may be able to 
 .
Step 3 Share Your Story 
Read your classmates' essay and offer your comments.
I think you've made an interesting prediction!
Your essay helped me better understand the past.
 p. 168 
Language Focus
A Word-Building Skills
Verbs
Nouns
Adjectives
Adverbs
think
thought
thoughtful
thoughtfully
stimulate
stimulation
stimulating
stimulatingly
infect
infection
infectious
infectiously
Practice
 Choose the word that best completes each sentence.
(1) I couldn’t hear the bell because I was lost in (thought / thoughtful).
(2) The teacher always tries to (stimulatingly / stimulate) her students to do their best.
(3) The girl’s cry was (infectiously / infectious); all the babies started to cry.
Overeating results in being fat.
You bet!
Bears that originate from my hometown are famous for their nice body shapes.
So, I'm always on a diet. I eat just once a day, so I don't die from hunger.
It depends on what you eat and how much of it.
B Expressions in Context
Practice
 Fill in the blanks with the underlined expressions above. Change the form if necessary.
(1) The actor was reported to have a car accident this morning.
(2) The cooking time of the stew will the size of the potatoes.
(3) How do those similar traditions such different regions?
(4) Your careless behavior can serious mistakes.
 p. 169 
C Language in Use
1 
The Spaniards brought horses to the Americas.
>> It was the Spaniards that (= who) brought horses to the Americas.
>> It was horses that the Spaniards brought to the Americas.
cf. It is true that the Spaniards brought horses to the Americas. 
Practice
 Look at the picture and complete the answers to the questions.
Tim gave Mary a beautiful vase last week.
(1) What did Tim give Mary last week?
 It was that .
(2) When did Tim give Mary a beautiful vase?
 It was that .
(3) Who did Tim give a beautiful vase to last week?
 It was that .
2 
Type A: Verbs without Objects
 The door opened quietly.
 Things have changed a lot.
 We moved to another town.
Type B: Verbs with objects
 A girl opened the door.
 (= The door was opened by a girl.)
 you can change thins if you try.
 We moved all the boxes into the house.
Practice
 Read the story. How do the words in bold function? Circle the Type A words and underline the Type B ones.
 After the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas, many people from Europe moved to the Americas. In 1608, the first European settlements occurred in Jamestown, Virginia. The Europeans founded the Jamestown colony in the middle of an Indian empire. The Indian chief was Powhatan, father of the legendary Pocahontas. Pocahontas made peace between the settlers and her tribe.
 p. 170 
Teen Links 
Culture: Another Case of Global Interaction
The Silk Road, spanning from China to Europe, was established in the 2nd century BC. Travelers made a long journey along the Silk Road and contributed to a truly global exchange. Look at the picture and put each item in the correct place.
1. Roman glass siver, , 
2. wool fabric, spices, , 
3. Chinese porcelain, paper, medical herbs, , 
 silk jewelry carpet compasses ivory gold
 p. 171 
Fast Fact 
 During the Renaissance, spices were carried from India to Europe along the Silk Road. The long journey made spices very expensive. So, Europeans wanted to find a faster way to Asia to buy spices and other goods at lower prices. Many explorers began to look for new routes. One of these explorers was Christopher Columbus, who arrived at the Americas by accident in 1492.
Project: A Very Special Time Capsule
A time capsule is a good way to connect the present to the future. Make a special time capsule to be opened in 100 years. 
1. What do you want to leave in a time capsule to show your life as a high school
student? List THREE items.
(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
2. Write one reason why you would like to put each item in the time capsule.
(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
3. Take a picture of your time capsule and the place where you would bury it.
 pp. 172-173 
Wrap Up
A Listen and Talk
1. Listen. Which is mentioned in the dialog?
 why Koreans like spicy food how to make tteokbokki
 where red peppers are originally from what Korean dish Marco likes most
Script
M Thanks for inviting me to lunch.
W Thank you for coming, Marco.
M Wow, there are so many different kinds of foods here. Oh, what is this red one called?
W It’s called tteokbokki and it’s a popular Korean snack. I made it for you. Go ahead and try
 some.
M Thanks. Mmm, this is really good. It’s sweet and spicy.
W I’m glad you like it. I was afraid that it might be too spicy for you.
M Oh, I love food with red peppers in it. Actually, I love Korean food because red peppers are used a lot.
W We do have a variety of dishes that are made using red peppers. By the way, did you know that red peppers are originally from the Americas?
M Really? I had no idea. That’s interesting.
W Yeah. It makes me wonder what was used in our food before we had red peppers.
2. Listen and answer the questions.
(1) Which is true about the explorer?
 He reached the top of Mount Everest 14 times.
 He climbed high mountains on different continents.
 He was always interested in breaking world records.
 He thought people knew almost everything about nature.
(2) What happened to the explorer during his 2011 expedition?
 He followed his previous route. He got lost in the snow.
 He broke another world record. He rescued his hero.
Script
W Have you heard about Park Young Seok? Park Young Seok was one of the most remarkable explorers in the world. Park was an explorer who overcame challenges and broke a lot of world records. He reached the top of Mount Everest and 14 of the highest parts of the Himalayan mountains. He climbed the highest mountains on the seven continents. However, he loved climbing itself rather than setting world records. In an interview, he said that there are still a lot of things that humans have never experienced in nature. He was curious about unknown worlds and new expeditions. In October 2011, Park went missing with his expedition while attempting a new route in the Himalayas. The Himalayan snow is now his final resting place, but Park will always be remembered as a hero.
3. Suppose you are a researcher in the field of global exchange. Answer each question in one or two full sentences.
Question (1) What is the Columbian Exchange?
Question (2) What is one thing that came to Korea after the Columbian Exchange
and how has it been used?
Question (3) Which part of Korean culture has become international?
Question (4) Why do you think it has become popular around the world?
B Read and Write
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
 In 1828, American author Washington Irving published The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus. About 170 different editions of the book have published by the end of the 19th century. According to the book, Columbus had a heated argument with Spanish scholars, trying to convince them that the world was round. At that time, Columbus wanted to find a new route to India by sailing west from Spain. The fact is that the Arabs and everyone in Europe already knew that the earth was round. Aristotle (384-322 BC) proved that the earth is round by observing the shadow that the earth cast on the moon when the moon covered the sun. In reality, Columbus’s argument with Spanish scholars concerned the size of the earth and how long the journey might take. Whatever the reason, however, the image of scared crews aboard Columbus’s ships, afraid to fall off the edge of the world, has been widely accepted since a long time ago.
(1) Which is true according to the passage?
 Irving’s book was unpopular. 
 Spanish scholars believed that the earth was flat.
 Columbus and Spanish scholars argued over the size of the earth.
 The crews on Columbus’s ships were afraid of falling off the edge of the world.
(2) Which one of the four underlined parts should be corrected?
2. Imagine you are an explorer. Write about the plans for your next exploration,
including the information from the box.
– where you want to explore and why – who you want to go with
– two things you would like to do during the exploration
 Next year, I want to explore because I am interested in
 . I wish I could go with . One thing I would like to do during the exploration is .
 In addition, I want to . I am sure the exploration will be for me and .
<Lesson 7>
Unit 7
Change Your Life, 
 Change the World
 pp. 174-175 
Unit Preview
Section 1 Oral Communication 
Listen & Talk 
 I couldn't agree with you more.
 Don't forget to unplug the computer.
 A What do you think we can do at this point?
 B Anything that reduces the use of disposable items.
In the Spotlight 
Section 2 Written Communication 
Read 
Write 
Section 3 Summing Up 
Language Focus Confusing word pairs
 They spent more time as a family.
 Couldn't you eat locally-grown food instead of fast food?
 They stopped taking taxis and instead rode bicycles.
Teen Links Trivia: Environmentally-Friendly Products
 Think Outside the Box
Wrap Up
 p. 176 
Listen 
A Get Ready
1. Choose the word from the poster that best represents each example.
Reduce!
Reuse!
Recycle!
1. Don't forget to turn off your computer when you're not using it.
 2. A We should separate cans and bottles from the trash.
 B I can't agree with you more.
 3. A What do you think about shopping at a flea market?
 B I think it's a good idea!
B Listen and Choose
1. Listen and choose the correct word.
The speakers are talking about how to (reduce / recycle) garbage.
Script
W We have too much garbage in the classroom.
M You’re right. The trash can is always full. We need to take action to reduce the amount of
 garbage we throw away.
W I couldn’t agree with you more. How about having “No Trash Day” once a week?
M That sounds like a good idea.
2. Listen and choose T (true) or F (false).
(1) T F Julia forgot to turn off the computer.
(2) T F Julia agreed to be more careful about using electricity.
Script
M Julia, don’t forget to unplug the computer when you’re done with it.
W I’ve already turned it off, Dad. Do I have to unplug it?
M Of course. It still uses electricity when it’s plugged in.
W Oh, I didn’t know that. Then, I’ll make sure to unplug the computer when I’m not using it.
3. Listen and choose the correct statement.
 The boy disagrees with the major discount stores’ decision.
 The boy’s mom decides to use environmentally-friendly bags.
Script
W Look. Major discount stores have decided not to use plastic bags anymore. I think it’s a good idea. What do you think, son?
M I think it’s a good decision. It takes a long time before plastic bags completely break down.
W Yeah. I think I should start taking a cloth bag when I go shopping.
M Good idea, Mom! I guess it’s the least we can do for the environment.
 p. 177 
C Listen for Ideas 
1. Listen. What will the speakers most likely do this weekend?
 play computer games go to a flea market
 read comic books
Script
W Your cap looks great, Jim! Where did you get it?
M I bought it at a flea market last Sunday.
W Do you often go to flea markets?
M Yes, I go to a lot of flea markets because I can get things at reasonable prices. I can also sell things I don’t need anymore.
W Getting things you need and selling things you don’t need, that’s a good idea!
M Yeah. In fact, I took some comic books there recently. I sold them in less than an hour.
W Sounds great! I think I also have some items I want to sell.
M Then, let’s go to the flea market together this weekend. I‘m going to sell some game CDs.
W OK. Let’s go together.
M Just don’t forget to attach price tags to the things you want to sell.
2. Listen again. Choose the correct words.
(1) Jim bought a (cap / CD) last Sunday.
(2) Jim (bought / sold) some comic books at the market.
(3) The girl wants to (recycle / sell) things she does not need.
Script
W Your cap looks great, Jim! Where did you get it?
M I bought it at a flea market last Sunday.
W Do you often go to flea markets?
M Yes, I go to a lot of flea markets because I can get things at reasonable prices. I can also sell things I don’t need anymore.
W Getting things you need and selling things you don’t need, that’s a good idea!
M Yeah. In fact, I took some comic books there recently. I sold them in less than an hour.
W Sounds great! I think I also have some items I want to sell.
M Then, let’s go to the flea market together this weekend. I‘m going to sell some game CDs.
W OK. Let’s go together.
M Just don’t forget to attach price tags to the things you want to sell.
D Listen and Summarize
1. Listen. What is the dialog mainly about?
 a documentary about polar bears
 how to deal with global warming
 ways to lead a healthier life
Script
M Jane, you look so serious. What’s wrong?
W Oh, Bill. I’m watching a documentary on global warming. We’re in serious trouble!
M Yeah. I’ve heard that some recent natural disasters were caused by global warming.
W According to this documentary, global temperatures are rising because of increased
 carbon dioxide emissions. This makes the ice at the North Pole melt.
M That means sea levels are rising too, right?
W That’s right. The polar bears are losing their habitat.
M We really need to do something about this. What do you think we can do at this point?
W Anything that reduces carbon dioxide emissions helps, like turning down the heating in winter if it’s not very cold.
M Good idea! And in summer, I guess we can use air conditioning less, too.
W That’s right. I heard air conditioning produces a lot of carbon dioxide.
M What else can we do?
W I think we can walk short distances instead of taking the car.
M I agree. School is just two blocks away from home, so I’ll walk to school from now on. The problem is I need to get up earlier.
W That’s true, but it’s worth the trouble.
2. Listen again. complete the ideas shared by the speakers.
Problems
▶
Carbon dioxide emissions lead to (1) (2) 
which causes the melting of polar ice.
󰀶
This, in turn, makes sea levels (3) .
󰀶
The polar bears are in danger of losing their (4) .
Solutions
▶
We should reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
- Turn down the (5) in winter.
- Use air conditioning (6) in summer
- (7) short distances
Script
M Jane, you look so serious. What’s wrong?
W Oh, Bill. I’m watching a documentary on global warming. We’re in serious trouble!
M Yeah. I’ve heard that some recent natural disasters were caused by global warming.
W According to this documentary, global temperatures are rising because of increased
 carbon dioxide emissions. This makes the ice at the North Pole melt.
M That means sea levels are rising too, right?
W That’s right. The polar bears are losing their habitat.
M We really need to do something about this. What do you think we can do at this point?
W Anything that reduces carbon dioxide emissions helps, like turning down the heating in winter if it’s not very cold.
M Good idea! And in summer, I guess we can use air conditioning less, too.
W That’s right. I heard air conditioning produces a lot of carbon dioxide.
M What else can we do?
W I think we can walk short distances instead of taking the car.
M I agree. School is just two blocks away from home, so I’ll walk to school from now on. The problem is I need to get up earlier.
W That’s true, but it’s worth the trouble.
 p. 178 
Talk
A Try It Out
1. Match the problem each person is causing with the right solution.
(1) Overconsumption of electricity
 Solution ( ) 
(2) Excessive amounts of garbage
 Solution ( ) 
(3) Carbon dioxide emissions
 Solution ( ) 
(4) Wasting water
 Solution ( ) 
 Solutions
 use public transportation and walk whenever possible
 separate cans, bottles, and food waste from other trash
 unplug the computer when it’s not in use
 avoid letting the water run
 Your own
2. Practice the dialog with your partner using the information above.
Sample
A What do you think is a major cause of environmental problems today?
B Well, it might be carbon dioxide emissions.
A What can we do to solve the problem?
B I think we can use public transportation and walk whenever possible.
 p. 179 
B Act It Out
1. Complete the comic strip with the sentences from the box.
Julia, have you heard of Earth Hour?
No. Is it a watch that shows how old the planet is?
Hahaha. Actually, it's a global event where people take a stand against climate change.
Wow, what do they do exactly?
It's simple.(1) 
Is that all? When is it held?
It's held every year on the last Saturday in March. I participated in the event last year.
Really?
Yeah. As a global citizen, I think we should pay more attention to the planet.
 (2) I think I'll participate this year.
I guess small things combine to create a better future. (3) 
You bet.
 Don’t forget to mark your calendar.
 People around the world turn off their lights for an hour.
 I don’t think it’ll make any difference.
 I couldn’t agree with you more.
2. Listen and check your answers. Then role-play the dialog with your partner.
3. What time of the day would you choose for Earth Hour? Why?
 p. 180 
In the Spotlight 
A Tune In
The 3-2-1 Pledge
What happened
Global warming was affecting their state.
Who took action
Teenagers in (1) 
For What
To (2) carbon dioxide emissions
Details of the pledge
 (3) THREE electronic appliances when not in use
 Take TWO (3) (3) to the store when you shop
 Use ONE (3) light bulb
1. Listen to the news report and complete the table. Then talk about the main idea with your partner.
Script
M You’re listening to Alaska Evening News! Some people say that young people can’t make a
 difference, but they’re wrong. A few years ago, some teenagers in Alaska noticed how global warming was affecting their beautiful state. Longer summers meant more forest fires. Warmer winters meant melting snow. In some places, the entire village had to move. So, the students took action! They encouraged their friends to sign the 3-2-1 Pledge. What is the 3-2-1 Pledge? It’s a promise to do three small, everyday things to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Want to try it? OK —Unplug three electronic appliances when you’re not using them. Then, bring two reusable bags when you go shopping. Finally, replace a regular light bulb with an energy-saving one. Easy, right? Why should you do this? Because these three simple actions can reduce 1,500 kg of carbon dioxide per year. Now, that’s what I call a big result!
2. What THREE small actions are you willing to take? Work in groups and present them to
the class.
 We promise ... 3. 
 2. 
 1. 
 ... and make a difference!
 p. 181 
B Voice Out 
1. Give your opinion about the statement below.
 The use of plastic bags should be banned.
I couldn’t agree more. They cause too much damage to our environment.
○ Sally 
I basically agree, but not completely. If the bags are reusable, I see no problem with using them.
△ Kyle 
 I completely disagree. There are many other causes of environmental problems. Why should we do something that’s inconvenient?
 × David 
2. Share your opinions in groups about the statement below.
 The use of straws should be banned.
 ○ I completely agree (with you). I support that opinion. I think that’s a good idea. I'm completely with you on that.
× I see things a little differently. I have a different viewpoint. Actually, I can't agree with that.
 p. 182 
Before You Read
Take the Green Survey
 p. 183 
The Impact of "No Impact Man"
 At some point in our lives, all of us have gone without some aspect of our modern lifestyles that we love or take for granted. Perhaps the power went out in your apartment complex for half a day, and you could not watch television. Maybe the family car broke down and everyone had to take the bus or ride a bicycle. If your parents were trying to save money for a while, they may have cooked more meals at home instead of going out to eat. However, can you imagine if these temporary changes to your life were more permanent, lasting for one year instead of a few days? An American family living in New York City not only imagined these changes, but actually put them into action. They made the radical decision to turn their lives upside down for one year to see how much they could positively affect the environment.
While You Read
1. Circle the word that is opposite in meaning to “temporary” in line 8.
2. What was the purpose of the family’s radical decision?
Over to you
 3. What would be the biggest inconvenience if you had no electricity for one day?
go without … aspect take for granted temporary
permanent put into action radical affect
 p. 185 
 Only a few years ago, Colin Beavan was a typical New Yorker. He was living in the city as a writer, working to earn money to help take care of his family — his wife and young daughter, and the family dog. He had concerns about the environment, but like most of us, only worried instead of taking action. One day, however, a light bulb went on in his head. He wondered if he and his family could live for one year without most of life’s basic luxuries that we all take for granted.
 In the beginning, Colin and his wife gave things up in stages, starting with easier things first. For example, they first got rid of things they truly didn’t need, such as a big television
set. They stopped taking taxis and instead rode bicycles. They also quit going to restaurants, as this was considered another unnecessary expense. Instead, they cooked all their meals at home, buying only fresh food grown within a 400-kilometer radius of New York City.
While You Read
1. What does “a light bulb went on in his head” in line 20 mean?
 There was an accident. He bought a light bulb. He had a good idea.
2. Why did Colin and his wife stop going to restaurants?
Over to you
 3. What are some habits that you need to change to help the environment?
typical concern take action luxury get rid of … 
expense radius
 p. 186 
 As their year of experimentation progressed, the sacrifices that the Beavan family made often caused stress. For example, Colin and his wife used cloth diapers instead of disposable diapers for their daughter. Although their decision was good for the environment — they saved about 4,000 disposable diapers that year — it was stressful because they needed to wash 30 cloth diapers each week. In addition, they had to wash them by hand because they had stopped using electricity. As a result, it turned out to be harder than they had originally thought. Another example involved the Beavan family getting a box of soil and worms. They put food waste in the box with the worms, which would eat the waste. Although this was good for the environment because it produced less trash, the bad smell and the flies, especially in the summer, were almost unbearable.
experimentation progress sacrifice diaper disposable turn out … unbearable
 p. 187 
 Another change that was good for the environment but stressful for the Beavan family occurred when they stopped using electricity altogether. As a replacement for a refrigerator, Colin tried the “pot within a pot” idea. A smaller earthenware pot is placed within a slightly larger one, with a layer of wet sand inserted between the two. The evaporation of water from the moist sand causes the temperature to drop, thus cooling the inner pot. Colin found two pots and gave it a go. At first it seemed to work, but Colin soon realized it was a failure, as the milk went sour and the vegetables rotted. Not surprisingly, his wife became agitated. But
they learned to adapt by buying less food, going to the market on a more regular basis, and switching to preserved milk for their daughter.
While You Read
1. What did the worms in the box do?
2. What does “gave it a go” in line 51 mean?
 tried doing it gave it up found it out
replacement earthenware evaporation moist failure sour
rot agitated adapt on a regular basis preserve
 p. 189 
 As Colin wrote about his environmental adventures on his blog (he charged his laptop with a solar panel on the roof of his building), people began to take notice. Media from all over the world — as far away as Australia, Colombia, and Germany — asked him for interviews. He appeared on television shows. He went on radio programs. His life was turned inside out. 
 After Colin and his family completed their year-long experiment, Colin decided to “keep” certain changes in his life, such as brushing his teeth and washing his hair with baking soda. However, other aspects of his life went back to normal; for example, he now takes the subway when it rains.
While You Read
1. What did Colin use to charge his laptop?
2. Which lifestyle changes did Colin decide to keep after his experiment?
adventure solar panel take notice turn inside out 
 p. 191 
 During the year, Colin and his family also noticed other changes — because they watched less TV and spent less time on the computer, they spent more time together as a family, and hung out with friends more often. There were also health benefits — Colin and his wife lost weight from riding bicycles and eating better. 
 Of course, the Beavan family’s actions were extreme, but couldn’t we all make some of these changes, some of the time? For example, how long could you give up TV? Could you wash all of your laundry by hand? What about food — couldn’t you eat locally-grown food instead of fast food? These are all small changes, but they are reasonable ones. Take some time to see what you can do to help the environment — the number of positive changes you can make is almost infinite.
While You Read
1. What were some positive changes noticed by the Beavan family?
Over to you
 2. Which suggestion would you like to try?
hang out with … extreme laundry reasonable infinite
 p. 192 
After You Read
A Get the Main Ideas
The Beavan family's experiment
➡
What it was about
Living without basic modern luxuries for a (1) 
➡
What the family did
 Rode (2) instead of taxis
 Stopped eating out and bought only local food
 Used (3) diapers
 Reduced food waste using worms
 Used (4) energy for electricity
 Brushed their teeth and shampooed with (5) 
 (6) 
➡
Results
 Spend more (7) with family and friends
 Lost (8) and got healthier
Fill in each blank with a word to complete the concept map.
B Get the Facts Right
Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
1. T F The family adapted themselves to the changes easily.
2. T F Colin’s pot within a pot was a good replacement for the refrigerator.
3. T F People noticed Colin’s lifestyle changes from his blog posts.
C Think and Talk
Think about the questions and talk with your partner.
1. Which of the changes do you think is most impressive?
2. If your parents announced that your family would spend a year living like the Beavans
did, what would you say?
 p. 193 
Check Your Words 
A Complete the Magic Square
Definitions
1. having no end or limits
2. not ordinary or moderate
3. feeling anxious or angry
4. to treat food in a way that keeps it from going bad
5. designed to be thrown away after use
6. to improve or develop
7. existing or used for only a limited (period of ) time
8. an act of giving up for a greater good
9. the money that something costs you
 agitated
disposable
temporary
preserve
expense
extreme
sacrifice
infinite
progress
B Read and Choose
Choose the word that best completes each sentence.
1. To control your weight, you should make changes to your lifestyle.
 local permanent unbearable
2. Some animals can to radical environmental changes.
 adopt affect adapt
3. Smartphones can be a(n) for multiple devices, maybe even a computer.
 evaporation preservation replacement
 p. 194 
Write 
Starter Study the Model 
How to write a problem and solution eassay
Read the passage and complete the outline.
sample
How to Save the Earth
 One of the most serious environmental problems today is the worldwide shortage of water. The number of areas where water is in short supply is increasing every day. Korea itself has been classified as “water stressed.” The major reasons for it include urbanization and industrialization due to the population explosion. To solve this problem, we should first
reduce water usage in our everyday lives. Little things mean a lot. Turning off the faucet while brushing our teeth and shortening our shower times are a good start. Second, we can recycle water. The water we use for washing our face can be used again for cleaning the house. Lastly, we can use rainwater to do laundry or water plants. There are a lot of ways to solve this problem, but we have to start now!
 Outline 
> Problem: 
> Situation: (1) are getting wider.
 (2) Korea is also classified as country. 
> Main Reasons: from population explosion
> Solutions: (1) To reduce water usage
(2) 
(3) 
Step 1 Prepare to Write 
Think about some serious environmental problems and answer the questions.
1. What do you think is the most serious environmental problem facing the world today?
≫ 
2. Why is it the most serious problem?
≫ 
 p. 195 
3. What are the main reasons for this problem?
≫ 
4. What are three solutions to this problem?
≫ (1) 
≫ (2) 
≫ (3) 
Step 2 Write Your Story
Based on the information in Step 1, write your own essay.
How to Save the Earth
 One of the most serious environmental problems today is . The major reasons for it .
To solve this problem, we should first 
 .
Second, 
 . Lastly, 
 . There are a lot of ways to solve this problem, but we have to start now!
Self-Check List 
  Does your essay state the problem clearly?
  Do your reasons match the problem?
  Are the solutions you suggest clear and realistic?
Step 3 Share Your Story
Read your classmates’ writings and share your ideas with each other.
 p. 196 
Language Focus
A Word-Building Skills
preserve
─
persevere
adopt
─
adapt
affect
─
effect
principle
─
principal
complement
─
compliment
aspect
─
respect
Practice
 Choose the one that best completes each sentence.
(1) Do you know how to (preserve / persevere) food without freezing?
(2) An example of the (affect / effect) of global warming is the rise in sea levels.
(3) The scientist (adopted / adapted) a new approach to the problem.
(4) Thank you for your (complement / compliment).
B Expressions in Context
Don't take it for granted that your cat will always be healthy!
I'll help you get rid of all your fat!
Let's exercise on a regular basis. OK?
Oh, you've gained too much weight!
It's time to take action.
Practice
 Choose the expressions that apply to you.
(1) My family (takes / does not take) action to reduce waste at home.
(2) My family (donates / does not donate) the things we do not use to the community
center on a regular basis.
(3) I (take / do not take) it for granted that I use a straw to drink soda.
(4) I (think / do not think) it is important to get rid of all plastic bags.
 p. 197 
C Language in Use
1 
 They also quit going to restaurants, as this was considered another unnecessary expense.
 As their year of experimentation progressed, the sacrifices that the Beavan family made often caused stress.
 They spent more time together as a family.
Practice
 Look at the usage of “as” in the passage and match them to the sentence below.
 Some politicians are going green. As an environmental activist, former U.S. Vice President Al Gore explored the dangerous effects of global warming on our planet in a documentary called An Inconvenient Truth. In the film, Al Gore tries to educate citizens about global warming, as he believes global warming is a serious problem. As the film gained popularity, the public began to take notice, and it energized the environmental movement. The film won two Academy Awards, and Al Gore won the Nobel Peace Prize for this documentary.
(1) We could not go on a picnic, as it rained. 
(2) As a truck passed, it raised a cloud of dust. 
(3) As a doctor, I advise you to eat sweets less. 
2 
 Couldn’t you eat locally-grown food instead of fast food?
 The boy took the stairs instead of the elevator.
 They stopped taking taxis and instead rode bicycles.
 Although we had planned to go to the movies, we decided to watch a video at home
 instead.
Practice
 Choose the one that best completes each sentence.
(1) I don’t like this shirt. Give me that one (instead / instead of ).
(2) I gave him advice (instead / instead of) money.
(3) He thanked me (instead / instead of ) getting angry.
(4) The teacher was not annoyed. (Instead / Instead of ), he was very kind.
 p. 198-199 
Teen Links 
Trivia: Environmentally-Friendly Products
Look at the environmentally-friendly products below. Match each product with its caution.
1. Power-generation shoes
produce about 10 watts per shoe while walking.
Attention! 
2. A Sound charge T-shirt
produce energy with the sound
of music.
Attention! 
3. A Water-purifying bike
transports, filters, and stores water using pedal-powered energy.
Attention! 
4. A solar-powered backpack
charges laptops or cellphones using solar energy.
Attention! 
 A heavy cellphone may damage the T-shirt.
 Do not drink the water because it may not be clean enough.
 If you walk too much, you might burn your feet.
 Watch out for electric shocks on rainy days!
Think Outside the Box
Complete the cartoons describing environmental problems with your own ideas. Be creative!
1. Anywhere with a lot of
 .
2. This is my 
from global warming.
 pp. 200-201 
Wrap Up
A Listen and Talk
1. Listen. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
 comic books a flea market vacation plans items to buy
Script
W Your cap looks great, Jim! Where did you get it?
M I bought it at a flea market last Sunday.
W Really? I love going to flea markets. Do you go often?
M Actually, it was my first time. It was nice because I can get things at reasonable prices.
W Right. And we can also sell the things we no longer need.
M I think I also have some items I don’t need.
W Then, let’s go to the flea market together this weekend. I‘m going to sell some comic books.
M OK. Let’s go together.
W Just don’t forget to attach price tags to the things you want to sell!
2. Listen and answer the questions.
(1) what is NOT mentioned as a way of preventing global warming?
 using solar power
 walking short distances
 using less air conditioning
 turning off the lights when leaving home
(2) Which result of global warming is pointed out by Jane?
 melting the ice at the North Pole animals losing habitat
 rising sea levels rise in temperature
Script
M Jane, did you watch the documentary on global warming last night?
W Yeah, we’re in serious trouble! It says that some recent natural disasters were caused by global warming.
M Right, global temperatures are rising because of increased carbon dioxide emissions. And it
 makes the ice at the North Pole melt.
W Which means sea levels are rising too, right?
M That’s right. The animals in the North Pole are losing their habitat.
W We really need to do something about it. What do you think we can do at this point?
M Anything that reduces carbon dioxide emissions helps, like using solar power instead of other forms of energy.
W That’s a good idea! I guess we can use less air conditioning in summer, and turn down the heating in winter if it’s not very cold.
M Also, we can walk short distances instead of taking the car.
3. Tell a story based on the six pictures. Use the expressions below the pictures.
mix together, trash can
separate the trash for recycling
get an idea
put the trash cans under basketball hoops
be interested in
be clean
B Read and Write 
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
 We talked to Colin Beavan and his family about the effects the year-long experiment had on their home life and habits.
Q How did your life at home change?
 The first rule of the experiment was not to make any trash. This meant no packaged
food, no take-out food, nothing disposable. We had to shop at local markets and could only eat locally-grown food. We also cleaned everything with baking soda and vinegar. The second rule of the experiment was not to use electricity. Instead, we put a solar panel on the roof to generate power. Our family cut spending by 50%.
Q Do you still live without electricity?
 When the experiment was over, we began to use electricity again. But we don’t use the freezer, the dishwasher, or the TV set.
(1) Why did the Beavan family proceed with the experiment for a year?
 to earn money to become diligent
 to save the earth to strengthen family ties
(2) Which is NOT true about the Beavan family?
 They didn’t watch TV for a year.
 They sometimes used disposable items.
 They avoided using soap products for cleaning.
 They managed to survive on less money.
2. Write a one-paragraph essay about global warming. Make sure that you include the information from the box. Write about 100 words.
– What it causes: climate change, rising sea levels
– What we can do: plant trees, recycle trash
<Lesson 8>
Special Unit
MY GREAT-GRANDMOTHER'S GOURD
 pp. 202-203 
Special Unit		
MY GREAT-GRANDMOTHER'S GOURD
 written by Cristina Kessler
>>　About the Text
This story is set in Sudan and deals with modern technology replacing traditional ways of life. It ultimately presents the wisdom of combining the old and the new. The story is based on a true event and deals with the universal theme, “Don’t mess with my grandmother.”
>>　About the Text
Cristina Kessler is an American writer, photographer, and world traveler. At the age of 12, she read books about a variety of cultures around the world. This led her to travel to more than 100 countries. She lived in Africa for about 20 years. Her personal agenda is to spread a “good” image of Africa to the world.
Web search http://www.cristinakessler.com
 p. 204 
Before You Read
A Building Background Knowledge
Choose T or F and check how much you know about Sudan.
1. T F Sudan is the largest country in Africa.
2. T F The Nile River flows through Sudan.
3. T F The capital of Sudan is Timbuktu.
4. T F Sudan is a country with a mild climate.
5. T F Arabic is the official language of Sudan.
B Make Predictions
Which ways of getting water do you think will be mentioned in the story?
 p. 205 
MY GREAT-GRANDMOTHER'S GOURD
 I’ll always remember the first day the blue pump worked. The men in their turbans and the women in the towbs laughed and chattered as the bright, shining pump was fixed on top of the old well. 
 “Imagine,” said Ibrahim, the village chief, “no more camels pulling water for drinking, washing, and cooking. No more filling of the old trees to get us through the dry season. Progress has come to our village.”
While You Read
1. Circle THREE ways to get water.
2. Fill in the blank with a word from the passage above.
 Ibrahim regarded the pump as for his village.
Over to you
 3. How do you think the villagers celebrated the occasion?
gourd chatter well progress
 p. 206 
	Ahmed, the barber, called out, “Who shall take the first pump of this fancy new machine?” Silence filled the air until Hanan, the neighbor, said, “Let it be a child to show just how easy it will be. Fatima, you pump and we will watch the water flow.”
 I stepped to the long handle and pulled down. A soft creaking noise filled the silence. Everyone watched without speaking a word. But not a drop fell. I pulled again, and a second creeeeak was surrounded by stillness — something rare in our village. Out gushed a stream of clear water. As if a spell had been broken, a sudden cheer filled the air and drums began beating.
barber pull down creaking stillness gush spell
 p. 207 
	I looked for my grandmother, who always says she is so proud of me, but I didn’t see her face in the excited crowd. As people pushed forward to try the pump, I pushed outward to find my grandmother. 
 There she stood all alone beneath her best friend, an old baobab tree.
 “Grandmother, come see the new pump. The water is so easy to get now, and our work will be less. Come dance.”
 I could see my friends and cousins dancing with arms flung wide. I wanted to dance, too, for the drumbeat was powerful and the excitement was calling me. Grandmother looked at me, then patted the gnarled trunk of the giant baobab tree with her work-worn hand,
and said, “Go dance, child. Drink the fresh, cold water. And soon I’ll be there, too.” I ran back and danced with my friends, celebrating the new pump. But my grandmother did not come.
While You Read
1. Why was a child chosen to try the pump first?
2. Read each statement and choose T(true) or F(false).
(1) T F Grandmother welcomed the new pump.
(2) T F Grandmother remained beneath a big tree.
Over to you
 3. What will happen next?
fling pat gnarled trunk
 p. 208 
 My grandmother spent more and more time with her friend the baobab. Leaning against its great trunk. Resting beneath its widereaching shadow. Watching the girls and women walk to and from the well. Watching and waiting for what, I didn’t know.
 Early one evening I joined my grandmother beneath the tree. Grandmother took my hand and placed it on the ancient bark of the giant trunk. She didn’t say a word, but her sadness was loud. “Tell me, Grandmother, what makes you so sad?” I asked as I looked deep into her eyes. “Is it the pump? Don’t you like it?” With tired eyes, she looked at me and said, “The rains are nearly here, and still no one works to prepare the trees. There’s only the creeak, creeak of metal. And no one works together, or works at all, to prepare the tree.” Gently patting the trunk, she said, “I always called this my great-grandmother’s gourd. The name my grandmother called it. And her grandmother before her.” “But, Grandmother, with the pump we don’t need the trees. The days of storing water in trees are past. That was then and this is now.”
lean bark
 p. 209 
 The hut was empty when I returned from the pump. I looked toward our field to find Grandmother. Instead, I saw her bent over her hoe at the base of her baobab tree. I ran to her and shouted, “Grandmother, people will laugh at you, preparing your tree.” She worked in silence, for as the sun rose the heat was great. Creak, creak sang the pump. Hack, hack went my grandmother’s hoe. Working alone, she looked as thin as one of the tree’s skinny branches.
While You Read
1. For what purpose was Grandmother preparing the tree?
2. What did Grandmother call the trunk of the baobab tree?
Over to you
 3. How did Grandmother feel about Fatima?
hut hoe laugh at … hack 
 p. 211 
	One day Ahmed, the barber, passed our tree and shouted with a laugh, “For some people new ideas are like puddles on the clay; they never sink in.” Balgeese, the midwife, called out, “To fight progress is to fight the wind, old woman. Come, let’s go to the pump.” But Grandmother kept right on working. Another day Nagla, the neighbor who never stops talking, passed. With a voice louder than the call to prayer, she said, “Who but a fool makes extra work? Myself, I use the well.” Then she laughed. And I realized she was laughing at my
grandmother. Old-fashioned or not, my grandmother.
 I nearly knocked Nagla down as I grabbed my hoe and ran to the tree. Without a word, I started digging beside my grandmother. We worked side by side. For days we dug, deepening the circle around the trunk. We didn’t talk. In peaceful silence, we shared the work of my grandmother’s great-grandmother.
While You Read
1. What did people say to criticize Grandmother? Underline them.
2. Why did Fatima start working beside her grandmother? 
puddle clay sink midwife prayer knock down grab dig (dug-dug) side by side deepen
 p. 212 
 One day as the sun dipped below the earth’s edge, Grandmother put away her hoe. “Now,” she said, “we must wait for the rains.” The first rain comes fiercely. Grandmother and I stood in it, feeling the water dripping down our faces. We watched our necklace around the giant old tree’s trunk slowly fill with water.
 I dropped the bucket tied to my waist down to Grandmother, who filled it to its brim with water from the baobab’s necklace. Slowly I pulled the bucket up, then poured its contents into the tree. It took two breaths before we heard the splash of water hitting bottom, deep inside the tree. Grandmother’s eyes sparkled at the old, familiar sound.
While You Read
1. Where did Fatima’s grandmother store the rainwater?
2. How did Fatima’s grandmother probably feel when she heard the old familiar sound?
dip fiercely drip brim pull up splash sparkle
 p. 214 
 The scorching dry season came early. As the temperatures rose, people made many
more trips to the well. The steady creeak, creeak turned to screech, screech as people pumped water from sunup to sunset. And then one day the pump stopped.
 “We will fix it,” said the chief, Ibrahim. People stood in silence, waiting for the news. Musa pulled a large metal piece, sharp along one edge, from the pump’s neck. “It has broken clean, from too much use,” he said to the quiet crowd. “I don’t know what we shall do, for I have no spare part like this.” “I will make another piece,” said Boubacar, the cart builder. “But it will take some days.” “How can we wait days?” cried Nagla. “What shall we do without water?
 “We go back to the old ways,” said Ahmed. “We shall use the camels to pull the water out of the well, just like in days past.” Then he looked straight at my grandmother and told Nagla, “And two smart villagers can use their tree.” “This year we will share our tree,” said
Grandmother. “Maybe it’s wise to mix old with new. We shall see.”
scorching screech
 p. 215 
 With great pride I said, “Yes! Let’s all go to my great-grandmother’s gourd.” And before the next rainy season came, the village throbbed with the beating of drums and the chants of singing voices. The people worked together, preparing the trees for the rains, just in case the pump broke again. I looked at Grandmother, whose smile shone brighter than the African sun, and said, “Remember last year? The silence and laughter as we worked alone?” “Yes,” she said. “But that was then and this is now.”
While You Read
1. How did the chief probably feel about the broken pump?
2. What does the writer mean by “old” and “new” in line 103?
3. What did the villagers learn from the broken pump?
throb laughter
 p. 216 
After You Read
A Give an Outline
Fill in each blank with an expression from the box. Then complete the figure by writing the sentence numbers in the appropriate circles.
the old way broke down depend on it
storing rainwater a new way
1. The villagers took advantage of the pump and came to .
2. A blue pump arrived and the villagers welcomed to get water.
3. Grandmother prepared the baobab tree for .
4. Grandmother’s gourd, , came to the rescue.
5. One day the pump , and the villagers couldn’t get enough water.
B Get the Facts Right
Read each statement and choose T (true) or F (false).
1. T F Grandmother thought the pump would make her work easier.
2. T F Grandmother prepared the baobab tree with her granddaughter.
3. T F The pump broke down before the first rain came to the village.
C Think and Talk
Think about the questions and talk with your partner.
1. Why do you think the older generation tends to stick to tradition?
2. What do you think will happen to the traditional ways of doing things as society
advances?
 p. 217 
Check Your Words 
A Solve the Puzzle
Complete the puzzle using the clues in the boxes.
Down
1. a person whose job is cutting men’s hair
5. to talk for a long time about unimportant things
7. to move the upper part of the body in a particular direction
Across
2. making a short, high sound when moving
3. in a violent or powerful way
4. to take or hold something suddenly and roughly
6. the thick main stem of a tree, from which its branches grow
B Read and Choose
Fill in each blank with a word from the box. Change the form if necessary.
gush drip scorching sparkle gnarl
1. Don’t go out into the sun; it is hot.
2. She was not careful enough; she paint on the carpet.
3. After the tanker hit the concrete wall, oil from the hole and onto the street.
4. The couple stood at the shore watching the water in the sunlight.
