【별표 3】

기본 어휘 관련 지침과 어휘 목록

<기본 어휘 관련 지침>

1. 각 학년에서 사용하기를 권장하는 새로운 어휘 수는 다음과 같다.

3학년: 110 낱말 이내

4학년: 120 낱말 이내

5학년: 130 낱말 이내

6학년: 140 낱말 이내

(누계 : 500 낱말 이내)

7학년: 170 낱말 이내

8학년: 280 낱말 이내

9학년: 390 낱말 이내

10학년: 450 낱말 이내

(누계: 1,290 낱말 이내)

(총계: 1,790 낱말 이내)

2. 3~6학년에서는 500 낱말 내를 학습할 것을 권장하며, 기본 어휘 목록에 제시된 초등 권장 어휘 중에서 375 낱말 이상을 학습할 것을 권장한다. 7~10학년에서는 각 학년별로 제시된 범위 내에서 학습할 것을 권장하며, 기본 어휘 목록에 제시된 낱말 중에서 75 % 이상을 학습할 것을 권장한다.

3. 기본 어휘 목록에는 대표형만 제시하고, 대표형은 다음과 같이 굴절어 및 파생어를 포함하는 것을 원칙으로 한다. 단, 빈도수가 높고 학습에 필요한 일부 파생어는 기본 어휘 목록에 제시한다.

write(writes, wrote, written, writing)

be(am, are, is, was, were, been, being)

book(books), foot(feet)

tall(taller, tallest)

good(better, best)

they(their, them, theirs, themselves)

teach(teacher)

soft(softly, softness)

happy(unhappy)

realize(realization)

emotion(emotional)

invest(investment)

mental(mentality)

4. 동일어의 의미 변화 및 문법 기능상 차이가 있는 경우는 원칙적으로 한 개의 낱말로 간주한다.

back [adv, n, v]

bat [n, v]

change [n, v]

close [adj, adv, v]

flat [adj, n]

head [n, v]

kind [adj, n]

present [n, v]

5. 인명, 지명, 국가명 등 고유 명사와 달과 요일, 기수, 서수, 단위, 로마자화된 우리말 단어는 새로운 어휘로 간주하지 않는다.

6. 생활 주변에서 흔히 사용하고 있는 아래의 낱말들은 외래어로서 새로운 어휘로 간주하지 않는다. 아래 낱말 외에 3~6학년과 7~10학년에서 각각 40 낱말 이내의 외래어를 추가하여 사용할 수 있다.

apartment, badminton, banana, bowling, bus, butter, cake, card, cheese, chocolate, coffee, coke, computer, cream, cup, film, fork, guitar, hamburger, hotel, ink, Internet, juice, lemon, marathon, orange, pen, pizza, plastic, program(BE programme), quiz, radio, robot, rocket, salad, sandwich, sausage, shirt, skate, spaghetti, tape, taxi, television / TV, tennis, tire(BE tyre), tomato, truck, video, violin, website (50개)

8. 기본 어휘 목록에 제시한 어휘는 모두 2,315개이며, 어휘 앞에 *표를 한 어휘는 736개로, 초등학교에서 사용하기를 권장한다.

9. 기본 어휘 목록에서 BE는 British English의 줄임말로 영국 영어를 의미한다.

<기본 어휘 목록>

-A-

*a / an

abandon

*able

*about

above

abroad

absence

*absent

absolute

absorb

abuse

academic

academy

accept

acceptable

access

accident

accommodate

accompany

accord

account

accurate

accuse

ache

achieve

acid

acknowledge

acquire

across

*act

active

actual

adapt

add

*address

adequate

adjust

administrate

administrative

admire

admit

adopt

adult

advance

advantage

adventure

advertise

advice

advise

affair

affect

afford

afraid

*after

*afternoon

afterward(BE

afterwards)

*again

against

*age

agency

agent

aggressive

*ago

*agree

agriculture

*ahead

aid

aim

*air

aircraft

*airplane(BE

aeroplane) / plane

*airport

alike

alive

*all

allow

*almost

*alone

along

alongside

aloud

already

also

alter

alternative

although

altogether

*always

a.m. / A.M.

amaze

ambition

among

amount

amuse

analysis

analyze(BE analyse)

ancient

*and

anger

angle

*angry

*animal

anniversary

announce

annoy

annual

*another

*answer

*ant

anxiety

anxious

*any

anybody

anyone

*anything

*anyway

anywhere

apart

apologize(BE apologise)

apparent

appeal

appear

appearance

*apple

apply

appoint

appreciate

approach

appropriate

approve

approximate

area

argue

arise

*arm

army

*around

arrange

arrest

*arrive

*art

article

artificial

*artist

*as

ashamed

aside

*ask

asleep

aspect

assemble

assembly

assess

assist

assistance

associate

assume

astronaut

*at

atmosphere

attach

attack

attempt

attend

attitude

attract

attractive

audience

*aunt

author

authority

automatic

*autumn

available

avenue

average

avoid

awake

award

aware

*away

awful

awkward

-B-

*baby

*back

background

backward

*bad

*bag

baggage

bake

balance

*ball

*balloon

ban

band

*bank

bar

barber

barrier

base

*baseball

basic

basis

*basket

*basketball

*bat

*bath

*bathroom

battle

bay

*be

*beach

*bear

beat

*beautiful

beauty

*because

*become

*bed

*bedroom

*bee

*beef

*before

beg

*begin

behalf

behave

behavior(BE behaviour)

behind

belief

believe

bell

belong

below

*belt

bend

beneath

benefit

beside

bet

*between

beyond

*bicycle / bike

bid

*big

bill

*bird

birth

*birthday

bit

bite

bitter

*black

blame

bless

blind

block

blood

blow

*blue

*board

*boat

*body

boil

bomb

bond

bone

*book

*boots

border

bore

*boring

borrow

boss

*both

bother

*bottle

bottom

bound

bowl

*box

*boy

brain

branch

brand

brave

*bread

*break

*breakfast

breast

breath

brick

*bridge

brief

briefcase

*bright

brilliant

*bring

broad

broadcast

*brother

*brown

*brush

budget

*build

bunch

burden

burn

burst

bury

bush

business

*busy

*but

*button

*buy

*by

*bye

-C-

calculate

*calendar

*call

calm

*can

cancel

cancer

candidate

*candy

*cap

capable

capacity

capital

captain

*car

care

career

*careful

*carrot

*carry

*case

cash

cast

castle

*cat

*catch

category

cattle

cause

cease

ceiling

celebrate

cell

center(BE centre)

century

ceremony

certain

certificate

chain

*chair

*chalk

challenge

chamber

chance

*change

chapter

character

characteristic

charge

charity

charm

chase

*cheap

*check

*cheek

cheer

chemical

*chest

*chicken

chief

*child

*chin

choice

*choose

*church

*circle

circumstance

*city

civil

claim

*class

classic

*classroom

clause

clay

*clean

*clear

clerk

clever

client

climate

climb

*clock

*close

cloth

*clothes

*cloud

coal

coast

coin

*cold

collapse

colleague

collect

college

*color(BE colour)

column

combine

*come

comfort

comfortable

command

comment

commerce

commission

commit

committee

common

communicate

community

*company

compare

comparison

compete

competitive

complain

complaint

complete

complex

complicate

component

compose

concentrate

concept

concern

conclude

conclusion

condition

conduct

conference

confidence

confident

confirm

conflict

confuse

*congratulate

congress

connect

conscience

conscious

consent

consequence

consequent

conservative

consider

considerable

consist

constant

constitution

construct

consume

contact

contain

contemporary

content

contest

context

*continue

continuous

contract

contrast

contribute

control

convenience

convenient

convention

conversation

convert

convince

*cook

*cookie

*cool

cope

copy

core

*corn

*corner

corporate

*correct

*cost

cottage

cotton

cough

council

*count

*country

countryside

county

couple

courage

course

court

*cousin

*cover

*cow

crack

crash

crazy

create

creature

credit

creep

crime

crisis

criterion

critic

criticism

criticize(BE criticise)

crop

cross

crowd

crown

crucial

cruel

crush

*cry

culture

cure

curious

currency

current

curve

custom

customer

*cut

*cute

-D-

*dad /daddy

damage

damp

*dance

danger

*dangerous

dare

*dark

data

*date

*daughter

*day

dead

deaf

deal

*dear

death

debate

debt

decade

decide

decision

declare

decline

decrease

*deep

*deer

defeat

defend

defense(BE defence)

define

definite

degree

delay

deliberate

delicate

*delicious

delight

deliver

delivery

demand

democracy

democratic

demonstrate

*dentist

deny

department

depend

dependent

depress

depth

derive

describe

desert

deserve

desire

*desk

despite

destroy

detail

detect

determine

develop

device

devote

dictionary

*die

diet

difference

*different

*difficult

difficulty

dig

*dinner

direct

dirt

*dirty

disabled

disappear

disappoint

disaster

discipline

discover

discuss

discussion

disease

disgust

*dish

dismiss

display

distance

distinct

distinguish

distribute

district

disturb

divide

division

*do

*doctor / Dr.

document

*dog

*doll

*dolphin

domestic

dominate

*door

double

doubt

*down

draft

dramatic

*draw

drawer

*dream

*dress

*drink

*drive

*drop

drug

drum

*dry

*duck

due

dull

during

dust

duty

-E-

*each

eager

*ear

*early

earn

*earth

ease

*east

eastern

*easy

*eat

economic

economy

edge

edit

educate

effect

effective

efficiency

efficient

effort

*egg

either

elect

electric

electronic

element

*elephant

else

elsewhere

emerge

emergency

emotion

emphasis

emphasize(BE

emphasise)

empire

employ

*empty

enable

encounter

encourage

*end

enemy

energy

engine

engineering

*enjoy

enormous

*enough

ensure

enter

entertain

entire

entrance

envelope

environment

equal

equip

equivalent

*eraser

error

escape

especial

essay

essential

establish

estate

estimate

even

*evening

event

eventual

ever

*every

everybody

*everyone

everything

everywhere

evidence

evident

evil

exact

examine

*example

*excellent

except

excess

exchange

excite

*exciting

exclude

*excuse

executive

exercise

exhibit

exist

existence

expand

expansion

expect

expenditure

expense

*expensive

experience

experiment

expert

explain

explode

explore

export

expose

express

expression

extend

extension

extensive

extent

external

extra

extreme

*eye

-F-

*face

facility

fact

factor

factory

fail

failure

faint

fair

faith

*fall

false

familiar

*family

*famous

*fan

fancy

*far

*farm

*fast

fasten

*fat

*father

fault

favor(BE favour)

*favorite(BE favourite)

fear

feather

feature

federal

fee

*feed

*feel

fellow

female

fence

festival

fever

*few

field

*fight

figure

*fill

final

finance

*find

*fine

*finger

*finish

*fire

firm

*fish

fit

*fix

*flag

flame

flash

flat

flavor(BE flavour)

flesh

flight

float

flood

*floor

flour

flow

*flower

*fly

focus

fold

follow

fond

*food

*fool

*foolish

*foot

football

*for

force

foreign

forest

*forget

forgive

form

formal

former

formula

forth

fortunate

fortune

forward

found

*fox

frame

framework

frank

*free

freedom

freeze

frequent

*fresh

*friend

friendship

fright

frighten

*frog

*from

*front

*fruit

fry

fuel

*full

*fun

function

fund

fundamental

*funny

fur

furnish

furniture

*future

-G-

gain

gallery

gap

garage

*garden

gas / gasoline(BE petrol)

*gate

gather

gay

general

generation

generous

gentle

*gentleman

*get

giant

gift

*giraffe

*girl

*give

*glad

*glass

globe

*gloves

*glue

*go

goal

*goat

god / God

*gold

golden

*good

goods

govern

grace

grade

gradual

grain

grammar

grand

*grandfather / grandpa

*grandmother / grandma

grant

*grape

*grass

grateful

grave

*gray(BE grey)

*great

*green

ground

*group

*grow

growth

guard

*guess

guest

guide

guilty

gun

-H-

habit

*hair

*half

hall

hammer

*hand

handle

*handsome

hang

happen

*happy

harbor(BE harbour)

*hard

hardly

harm

*hat

*hate

*have

*he

*head

*health

healthy

*hear

*heart

heat

heaven

*heavy

height

hell

*hello / hey

*help

*hen

hence

*here

hesitate

*hi

*hide

*high

highlight

highly

*hill

hire

history

*hit

*hobby

*hold

hole

*holiday

hollow

holy

*home

*homework

*honest

honor(BE honour)

hook

*hope

horizon

horror

*horse

*hospital

host

*hot

*hour

*house

household

*how

however

huge

human

*hungry

hunt

*hurry

*hurt

*husband

-I-

*I

ice

*idea

ideal

identify

identity

*if

ignore

*ill

illustrate

image

imagine

immediate

impact

import

importance

important

impose

impossible

impression

improve

*in

incident

include

income

increase

incredible

indeed

independence

independent

index

indicate

individual

industry

inevitable

influence

inform

informal

initial

injure

injury

inner

input

inquiry(BE enquiry)

insect

*inside

insist

instance

instant

instead

institute

institution

instruct

instrument

insult

insurance

intelligence

intend

interest

*interesting

interior

internal

international

interpret

interrupt

interval

interview

*into

introduce

invent

invest

investigate

*invite

involve

iron

island

issue

*it

item

-J-

jewel

*job

*join

joint

joke

journal

journey

joy

judge

*jump

junior

*just

justice

-K-

keen

*keep

*key

*kick

*kid

kill

*kind

*king

kingdom

kiss

*kitchen

*knee

*knife

*knock

knot

*know

knowledge

-L-

labor(BE labour)

laboratory / lab

lack

*lady

*lake

*lamb

lamp

*land

language

*large

*last

*late

*laugh

law

lay

lazy

lead

leadership

*leaf

lean

*learn

leather

leave

lecture

*left

*leg

legal

legislation

lend

length

*lesson

*let

*letter

level

liberal

liberty

*library

license(BE licence)

lid

lie

*life

lift

*light

*like

likely

limit

*line

link

*lion

*lip

liquid

list

*listen

literature

*little

*live

*livingroom

load

loan

local

locate

lock

logic

*long

*look

loose

lord

*lose

loss

lot

*loud

*love

*low

luck

*lucky

lump

*lunch

lung

-M-

machine

mad

magazine

*mail

main

maintain

maintenance

major

*make

male

*man

manage

manner

manufacture

*many

*map

march

mark

*market

marriage

marry

mass

massive

master

match

material

*mathematics / math(BE

maths)

*matter

maximum

*may

*maybe

mayor

meal

*mean

meanwhile

measure

*meat

medical

medicine

medium

*meet

melt

member

membership

memory

mental

mention

mercy

mere

message

metal

method

*middle

mild

military

*milk

mind

minimum

minister

minor

*minus

*minute

*mirror

*Miss

mistake

mix

moderate

modern

modest

*mom / mommy

moment

*money

*monkey

*month

mood

*moon

moral

moreover

*morning

*mother

motion

motorbike

*mountain

*mouse

*mouth

*move

*movie

*Mr.

*Mrs.

*Ms.

*much

mud

multiply

murder

muscle

*museum

*music

*musician

must

mystery

-N-

nail

*name

narrow

nation

native

nature

navy

*near

nearly

nearby

neat

necessary

necessity

*neck

*need

needle

negative

neglect

neighbor(BE neighbour)

negotiate

neither

nephew

nest

net

*never

nevertheless

*new

newspaper

*next

*nice

niece

*night

*no / nope

nobody

*noise

none

noon

nor

normal

*north

northern

*nose

*not

note

*nothing

notice

notion

novel

*now

nuclear

*number

numerous

*nurse

nut

-O-

obey

object

objective

observe

obtain

obvious

occasion

occur

ocean

*o'clock

odd

*of

*off

offend

offer

*office

official

*often

oil

*okay / OK

*old

*on

*once

*only

onto

*open

operate

opinion

opportunity

oppose

opposite

option

*or

order

ordinary

organ

organize(BE organise)

origin

*other

otherwise

ought

*out

outcome

outline

output

*outside

outstanding

*over

overall

overcome

owe

own

-P-

pace

pack

package

*page

pain

*paint

*pair

palace

pale

panel

*pants

*paper

paragraph

parallel

pardon

*parent

*park

parliament

part

particular

partner

*pass

passage

passenger

*past

paste

path

patient

pattern

pause

*pay

peace

*peach

*pear

*pencil

*people

*pepper

per

perfect

perform

performance

perhaps

period

permanent

permission

permit

*person

perspective

persuade

*pet

phase

philosophy

*photograph / photo

physical

*pick

*picnic

*picture

*piece

*pig

pile

pilot

pinch

*pink

pitch

pity

*place

plain

*plan

*plant

*plate

*play

*please

pleasure

plenty

*plus

p.m. / P.M.

*pocket

poem

*point

poison

*police

policy

polish

*polite

political

politics

pollution

*poor

popular

population

port

position

positive

possess

possible

*post

pot

*potato

potential

pour

poverty

powder

power

powerful

practical

*practice(BE practise)

praise

pray

precise

predict

prefer

premises

prepare

presence

*present

*president

press

pressure

pretend

*pretty

prevent

previous

price

pride

priest

primary

prime

*prince

*princess

principal

principle

print

prior

priority

prison

private

prize

probable

*problem

procedure

proceed

process

produce

product

profession

professor

profit

progress

project

promise

promote

pronounce

proof

proper

property

proportion

propose

prospect

protect

proud

prove

provide

provision

public

publish

*pull

punish

pupil

*puppy

purchase

pure

purpose

pursue

*push

*put

-Q-

quality

quantity

quarter

*queen

*question

*quick

*quiet

quite

quote

-R-

*rabbit

race

rail

*rain

*rainbow

raincoat

raise

range

rank

rapid

rare

rate

rather

ratio

raw

reach

react

*read

*ready

real

realistic

realize(BE realise)

*really

reason

reasonable

recall

*receive

recent

recognize(BE recognise)

recommend

record

recover

*red

reduce

refer

reference

reflect

reform

refuse

regard

regime

region

regret

regular

regulation

reject

relate

relationship

relative

*relax

release

relevant

relief

relieve

religion

religious

rely

remain

remark

remarkable

*remember

remind

remove

rent

repair

*repeat

replace

reply

report

represent

representative

republic

reputation

request

require

rescue

research

reserve

resident

resist

resistance

resolve

resource

respect

respond

response

responsible

*rest

*restaurant

restore

restrict

*restroom

result

retain

retire

return

reveal

revenue

reverse

review

revolution

reward

*rice

*rich

rid

*ride

*right

*ring

rise

risk

rival

*river

*road

*rock

role

roll

*roof

*room

root

rope

rough

*round

route

row

royal

rub

rubber

rude

ruin

rule

*ruler

*run

rural

rush

-S-

sacred

sacrifice

*sad

safe

safety

sail

sake

salary

sale

*salt

*same

sample

sand

satisfy

save

*say

scale

scene

schedule

scheme

*school

*science

scientific

*scientist

*scissors

scold

scope

score

screen

screw

*sea

search

seaside

*season

*seat

secret

secretary

section

sector

secure

*see

seed

seek

seem

select

self

*sell

*send

senior

sense

sensitive

sentence

separate

sequence

series

serious

serve

service

session

set

settle

several

severe

sex

shade

shadow

shake

shall

shallow

shame

shape

share

sharp

*she

*sheep

sheet

shelf

shell

shelter

shift

shine

*ship

shock

*shoes

shoot

*shop

shore

*short

*shoulder

shout

*show

shower

shut

*sick

*side

sight

sign

signal

significance

significant

silence

silent

silk

silver

similar

simple

since

sincere

*sing

single

sink

sir

*sister

*sit

site

situation

*size

skill

skin

*skirt

*sky

slave

*sleep

slide

slight

slip

slope

*slow

*small

*smell

*smile

smoke

smooth

*snake

*snow

*so

soap

*soccer

social

society

*socks

*soft

soil

soldier

solid

solve

*some

somebody

somehow

someone

*something

*sometimes

somewhat

somewhere

*son

*soon

sore

*sorry

sort

soul

*sound

sour

source

*south

southern

space

spade

*speak

special

specific

*speech

speed

spell

*spend

*spider

spirit

spite

split

spoil

*spoon

sport

spot

spread

*spring

*square

stable

staff

stage

stain

*stair

stamp

*stand

standard

*star

*start

state

*station

status

*stay

steady

steam

steel

steep

stem

step

stick

stiff

still

stock

*stomach

*stone

*stop

*store

storm

*story

stove

*straight

strange

strategy

*strawberry

stream

*street

strength

stress

stretch

strict

strike

string

strip

*strong

structure

struggle

*student

*study

stuff

stupid

style

subject

submit

subsequent

substance

*subway

succeed

success

successful

such

sudden

suffer

sufficient

*sugar

suggest

suit

sum

summary

*summer

*sun

supper

supply

support

suppose

*sure

surface

*surprise

*surprising

surround

survey

survive

suspect

suspend

swallow

swear

sweep

*sweet

*swim

swing

switch

symbol

sympathy

system

-T-

*table

tail

*take

*talk

*tall

tap

target

task

taste

tax

*tea

*teach

tear

tease

technical

technique

technology

*telephone / phone

*tell

temperature

temple

temporary

tend

tendency

tension

tent

term

terrible

*test

text

*textbook

*than

*thank

*that

*the

*theater(BE theatre)

theme

*then

theory

*there

therefore

*they

thick

thief

*thin

thing

*think

*thirsty

*this

thorough

though

thread

threat

threaten

throat

through

throughout

*throw

thumb

thunder

thus

*ticket

tidy

*tie

*tiger

tight

till

*time

tin

tiny

*tired

title

*to

*today

*toe

*together

*toilet

*tomorrow

tongue

*tonight

*too

tool

*tooth

*top

topic

total

*touch

tough

tour

toward

*towel

tower

*town

*toy

track

trade

tradition

*traffic

*train

transfer

transportation(BE

transport)

*travel

treat

*tree

trend

*triangle

trick

*trip

trouble

*true

trust

truth

*try

tube

tune

*turn

twice

twist

type

typical

-U-

*ugly

ultimate

*umbrella

*uncle

*under

*understand

uniform

union

unique

unit

unite

universe

university

unless

*until

*up

upon

upper

upset

urban

urge

urgent

*use

useful

usual

-V-

*vacation

valid

valley

valuable

value

variety

various

vary

vast

*vegetable

vehicle

version

*very

via

victim

victory

view

village

violence

violent

virtual

virtue

vision

*visit

visual

*voice

volume

voluntary

vote

-W-

wage

waist

*wait

*wake

*walk

*wall

wander

*want

war

*warm

warn

*wash

*washroom

waste

*watch

*water

*watermelon

wave

*way

*we

*weak

wealth

weapon

*wear

*weather

wedding

*week

weekend

weep

weigh

*weight

*welcome

welfare

*well

*west

western

*wet

*what

whatever

wheel

*when

whenever

*where

whereas

whether

*which

while

whisper

whistle

*white

*who

whole

*why

*wide

widespread

*wife

wild

*will

willing

*win

*wind

*window

wine

wing

*winter

wire

wise

*wish

*with

within

without

witness

*wolf

*woman

wonder

*wonderful

*wood

wooden

wool

*word

*work

*world

*worry

worship

worth

wound

wrap

wrist

*write

*wrong

-X, Y, Z-

yard

*year

*yellow

*yes / yeah, yep, yup

*yesterday

yet

yield

*you

*young

youth

*zebra

*zoo